414 



Young (Nassodden, November 27th). Head and neck like the adult in winter, but more greyish brown in 

 colour ; upper parts generally greyish brown; the feathers on the back, scapulars, and wing-coverts 

 broadly margined with ashy grey ; rump nearly uniform in colour, but the upper tail-coverts are tipped 

 with ashy grey ; underparts pure white. 



The present species, which is a Pacific and North-Asiatic representative of our European Great 

 Northern Diver, inhabits during the summer season the arctic portions of Western America and 

 Asia, and during the winter it has occurred as far south as Japan. But it also visits the coasts 

 of North Russia and Norway, and has strayed as far west as Great Britain. 



Although not named until 1859 by Gray, it was obtained as far back as 1830 by Sir James 

 Clark Ross in Boothia, and both he and Audubon (B. of Am. vii. p. 291) remarked the difference 

 between it and C. glacialis, though they did not describe or name it as distinct. 



Messrs. Baird, Brewer, and Ridgway write (Water-B. of N. America, ii. p. 452) that 

 " Mr. Bernard Ross mentions his having met with it in considerable numbers in Great Slave 

 Lake. Mr. M°Farlane found it breeding, and obtained two eggs and several specimens of the 

 bird, in the vicinity of Fort Anderson and on the shores of the Arctic Ocean. Specimens were 

 also taken by Mr. Ross at Fort Simpson, by Mr. Clarke at Fort Rae, by Mr. J. Reid on Big 

 Island, and by Bischoff at Kadiak. This Loon was found to be quite common at Fort Resolution, 

 where several specimens were obtained by Mr. Kennicott in the summer of 1860, as well as on 

 the Yukon River. Mr. B. R. Ross secured specimens at Fort Norman and Fort Simpson. It 

 was obtained on Peal's River by Mr. Gaudet, at Fort Resolution by Mr. J. Lockhart, and on 

 the Anderson River and its neighbourhood generally by Mr. M c Farlane." Mr. E. Adams, after 

 whom this bird was named by Mr. Gray, obtained it at Michalaski, Alaska, on the shores of 

 Norton Sound, in 1851. According to Mr. Turner it occurs sparingly near St. Michael's. 

 Mr. Nelson says (Nat. Hist. Coll. Alaska, p. 36) that it is " a not rare summer resident in certain 

 localities about the head of Kotzebue Sound. At Point Barrow this species is rather common. 

 Mr. Murdoch states that they were not often noticed during the season of 1882, but in 1883 

 they were fairly abundant. They were first seen by him the last of May and first of June in the 

 open ' lead ' offshore and flying thence inland. Later in the season they were found about 

 openings in the ice along shore, and in the adjacent lagoons, moving offshore, however, with the 

 ice. These birds were generally silent ; but he noted that their ' laugh ' was harsher than that 

 of the Great Northern Loon." 



On the Pacific it ranges in winter as far south as Japan. Dr. Stejneger (Orn. Expl. &c. 

 p. 14) speaks of it as being a winter visitor to the Commander Islands, of rather rare occurrence, 

 but one, a young bird, was obtained on Behring Island in November 1882, and another seen. 

 According to Taczanowski (Faun. Orn. Sib. Orient, p. 1261), "Dr. Dybowski brought back an 

 adult male from Kamtschatka, and the Diver seen by Mr. Godlewski in the Bay of Abrek 

 probably belonged to this species." Messrs. Blakiston and Pryer record it (Ibis, 1878, p. 211) 

 as '• common in the spring at Yezo," but a skin sent by them to Mr. Seebohm was that of 

 Colymbus arcticus (Ibis, 1879, p. 22); Mr. Saunders, however (Ibis, 1883, p. 348), received one, 

 shot off Nagasaki, from Capt. St. John, and an immature bird was sent to Mr. Seebohm (Ibis, 

 1884, p. 32) from Hakodadi, where it was also stated by Mr. Swinhoe (Ibis, 1877, p. 146) to 

 have been obtained in January 1876. 



