Locality. 
162 PASSERES. CINCLUS. European 
Wings short, the first quill being not half the length of the 
second, which also is shorter than the third and fourth. 
This genus has been very properly separated from the pre- 
ceding one, to which its members had been referred by some 
ornithologists, though others had classed them with the 
stares, to which they do not bear the least affinity. Its ge- 
neric characters, as well as the peculiar habits of the species, 
are so distinct and well marked, as to entitle it to hold a se- 
parate station in a systematic arrangement. ‘The species at 
present known are two; one common to all the northern parts 
of Europe; the other discovered by Professor PaLtas in the 
Crimea. 
European Dipper.—Cinclus aquaticus, Bechst. 
PLATE 45 *. 
Cinclus aquaticus, Bechst. Naturg. Deut. v. 3. p. 808.— Meyer, Tasschenb. 
Deut. v. I. p. 207. 
Sturnus Cinclus, Gmel. Syst. 1. p. 803. sp. 5.—Linn. Syst. 1. p. 296. 5. 
Turdus Cinclus, Zath. Ind. Ornith. v. 1. p. 343. sp. 57. 
Merula ae Briss. v. 5. p. 252. 19°—Raii, Syn. p. 66. A. 7.—Will. 
p- 104. t 
Le Merle. Eau, Buff. Ois. v. 8. p. 134. t. 11.—ZId. Pl. Enl. 940. 
Cincle plongeur, Temm. Man. d’Ornith. v. 1. p. 177. 
Wasser Spreauw, Sepp. Nerderl. Vog. v. 1. t. p. 25. 
Water Ouzel, Br. Zool. 2. No. 111.—Arct. Zool. 2. p. 332. 8.— Will. (Ang.) 
p- 149.—Lewin’s Br. Birds, 2. t. 63. Lath. Syn. 3. p. 48. 50.—Id. 
Supp. p. 142.— Mont. Ornith. Dict.—Jd. Supp. and App."to Supp.— Wale. 
Syn. 2. t. 196.—Don, Br. Birds, t. 24.-Bewick’s Br. Birds, v. 2. p. 16. 
Provincial, Water-Crow, Water-Pict, Bessy-Ducker. 
These interesting little birds are natives of our island, but, 
from their peculiar habits, are confined to certain districts ; 
those only where they can meet with clear and rocky stream- 
lets. It is therefore in the mountainous tracts of Scotland 
and Wales, in some of the northern counties of England, 
in parts of Devonshire, and probably in Derbyshire, that we 
must look for these wild and solitary songsters. They are 
generally seen single, or in pairs, and always on the margin 
of the stream, or perched in their particular attitude, on 
