218 PASSERES. ANTHUS. TREE 
breast. Flanks white, with large oblong dark streaks. 
Tail blackish-brown, the outer feather having its exte- 
rior web white, and also terminating with a large white 
spot. On the second feather of the tail is a small white 
spot near the tip. 
During the breeding season, the throat of the male bird as- 
sumes a pale reddish-brown colour. 
After the autumnal moult, the plumage is of a bright oil- 
green, and the under parts of a deeper yellowish-white, 
or sienna-yellow. . 
The female and young bird are similar to the male in the 
autumnal plumage. 
¥ Tree Pipit.—Anthus arboreus, Bechst. 
PLATE 49. Fig. 5. 
Anthus arboreus, Bechst. Naturg. Deut. v. 3. p. 706. t. 36. f. 1. 
Alauda trivialis, Linn. Syst. 1. p. 288. 5.—Gmel. Syst. 1. p. 796.—Lath. 
Ind. Ornith. v. 2. p. 493. 6. but not the synonymes. 
Alauda minor, Lath. Ind. Ornith. v. 2. p. 494. sp. 8.—Gmel. Syst. 1. p. 793. 
Pipit des Buissons, Temm. Man. d’Ornith. v. 1. p. 271. 
L’Alouette Pipi, Gerard, Tab. Elem. v. 1. p. 246._Buff: Pl. Enl. 660. f. 1. 
the male. ‘ 
Baumpieper, Meyer, Tasschenb. Deut. v. 1. p. 254. B.—Frisch, t. 16. £1. B. 
Field Lark, Br. Zool. v. 139.—Arct. Zool. 2. p. 395. D.—Lewin’s Br. 
Birds, 3. t. 92.—Lath. Syn. 4. p. 375. 6.—Mont. Ornith. Dict.—Id. Sup. 
Wale. Syn. 2. p. 192.—Bewick’s Br. Birds, 1. p. 180. 
Lesser Field Lark, Will. (Ang.) p. 207. 
The Lesser Field Lark or Tree Lark, Bewick, Supp. p. t. 28. 
The Grasshopper Lark, Bewick’s Br. Birds, v. 1. p. 181. but confounding 
with it the habits and description of the Grasshopper Warbler, as noted 
by White in his Hist. Selb. 
Distinction Although rather superior in dimensions, the Tree Pipit is 
sales so like the Meadow Pipit in plumage, as to have been very 
ane frequently confounded with it. The short and hooked hind 
Pipit. claw, however, of the species now under consideration, will 
always prove a sufficient mark of distinction. ‘The bill also 
is rather stronger, and more dilated at the base. 
ee It is a migratory species, and a summer visitant with us ; 
arriving about the first week in May, in the northern coun- 
ties, and departing on its equatorial migration in September. 
During its abode here, it inhabits the borders of woods in 
