238 PASSERES. EMBERIZA. 
feathers on each side, forming moustaches.. Head, neck, 
and breast fine bluish-grey ; the latter with a tinge of h- 
lac-purple. Chin and throat ash-grey. Belly and 
flanks yellowish-brown. Under tail-coverts black. Nape 
of the neck and the back yellowish-brown, tinged with 
orange. Scapulars wood-brown. Greater quills black- 
ish-grey, having their outer webs edged with white. 
Secondaries edged with orange-brown. Tail long and 
wedge-shsped, orange-brown; the exterior feathers ha- 
ving their outer webs and tips pale reddish-white. Legs 
and toes black. 
The female wants the moustaches, and the black upon the 
vent ; her head, also, is of a pale yellowish-brown, with 
dusky spots. 
Genus XXXV. BUNTING. EMBERIZA, Linn. 
GENERIC CHARACTERS. 
Bill conical, strong, hard, and sharp-pointed ; the tomia: of 
both mandibles bending inwards, and compressed towards 
the point ; the upper mandible narrower and smaller than the 
under one, and its roof furnished with a hard bony knob. 
Base of the mandibles (or gape) forming an angle, and ra- 
ther open. Nostrils basal and reund, partly hidden by the 
‘small feathers at the base of the bill. Feet having three toes 
before and one behind; the anterior ones entirely divided. 
Wings with the first quills rather shorter than the second and 
third, which are the longest in each wing. 
This genus is divided into two sections; the first compre- 
hending such as have the claw of the hind toe short and 
hooked, the members of which are inhabitants of cultivated 
and enclosed districts. The second section contains only two 
species, having the hind claw produced and nearly strait. 
These are natives of rocky and mountainous situations, and 
live within the Arctic Circle. 'The food of the genus princi- 
