256 PASSERES. PYRRHULA. PINE- 
throat, and sides of the neck, bluish-grey. Rump sul- 
phur-yellow, inclining to lemon-yellow. Breast and 
belly the same, but mixed with grey. Flanks with 
streaks of blackish-grey. 
Genus XXXVII. GROSBEAK. PYRRHULA, Briss. 
GENERIC CHARACTERS. 
Bill very thick, short, the sides inflated; both mandibles 
convex, particularly the upper one, the tip of which over- 
hangs the point of the lower, Culmen rather compressed, 
and advancing upon the forehead. Nosirils basal, lateral, 
round, in general concealed by the feathers at the base of 
the bill. Feet, having the tarsus shorter than the middle. 
toe. ‘Toes three before and one behind, divided. Wings 
rather short, and with the fourth quill-feather the longest. 
The birds of this genus are, in their mode of life, nearly 
allied to the Crossbills. They are chiefly natives of the colder 
and temperate parts of Europe, Asia, and America. Their 
food consists of the hardest seeds and fruits, which they are 
enabled to break by their horny strong bill, the peculiar con- 
vexity of which separates them from the Finches. Most of 
the species are subject to a double moult, and the males are 
easily to be distinguished from the females, by the brighter 
colours of their plumage. 
Pine Grosbeak.—-Pyrrhula enucleator, Zemm. 
PLATE 53%. Figs. 1, 2. 
Pyrrhula enucleator, Temm. Man. d’Ornith. v. 1. p. 383. 
Loxia enucleator, Linn. Syst. 1. p. 299. 3.—Gmel. Syst. 1. p. 845. sp. 3.— 
Lath. Ind. Ornith. v. J. p. 372. sp. 5. 
Coccothraustes Canadensis, Briss. 3. p. 250. 15. t. 12. f. 3. 
Le Dur-bec du Canada, Buff: Ois. v. 3. p. 457.—Jd. Pl. Enl. 137. f: 1., male 
one year old, and Pl. Enl. 124. old female. 
Haaken Kernbeiser, Bechst. Naturg. Deut. v. 3. p. 28.—Meyer, Tasschenb. 
ee v. 1. p. 142.—Jd. Vog. Deut. v. 1. t. f. 1. year old male; f. 2. old 
emale. 
