260 PASSERES. FRINGILLA. 
the feathers silky and loose. Cheeks, neck, breast, belly, 
and flanks, bright tilered. Rump and vent white. 
Greater wing-coverts tipped and margined with pinkish- 
white, forming a transverse bar across the wing. Legs 
blackish-brown. 
Fig. 2. The female, also of the natural size. 
Female. Under parts of a pale broccoli-brown, slightly tinged with 
tile-red. Upper parts bluish-grey, tinged with yellow- 
ish-brown. In other respects marked like the male, but 
with the colours not so bright. | 
Grnus XX XVIII. FINCH. FRINGILLA, Lilig. 
GENERIC CHARACTERS. 
Bill straight, and perfectly conical, short, hard, and sharp 
at the point; the culmen of the upper mandible rounded, 
and frequently advancing in an angle upon the forehead ; to- 
mia of the under mandible bending a little inwards. 
Nostrils situated behind the horny bulging base of the 
bill, round, and hidden by the small frontal feathers. Wings 
short, having the third or fourth quill-feather the longest. 
Feet, with the tarsus as short as or shorter than the middle 
toe, and with the toes divided. 
This genus, as now established, contains not only the 
Finches of Gmewin, Latruam, and others, but also the whole 
of the Grosbeaks (Loxia) of these authors, with the excep- 
tion of the Crosbills, which are solely distinguished by that 
term; the Grosbeaks (Pyrrhula) now forming a separate ge- 
nus, founded upon the different form of their bill, their ha- 
bits, and geographical distribution; and the Loxia psittacea 
of Larnam, constituting the type of TemMincx’s genus 
Psittirostra. The propriety of such an arrangement had been 
long so apparent, that I should have ventured upon a similar ~ 
distribution, even without the previous sanction of ILLicER 
or TeMMINCK. Mons. Cuvier, and some other systematists, 
