PARTRIDGE. GALLINA. PERDIX. 317 
likely to draw the attention of night-feeding animals of prey ; 
and the whole covey sit closely crowded together. They go 
to rest (or jug, as it is frequently termed) a little after sun- 
set, previous to which they may be heard calling and answer- 
ing each other, after having been separated in feeding, or by 
any accidental cause. 
This species is found throughout the greater part of Eu- 
rope, but is most abundant in the temperate and northern 
parts.—It also visits Egypt and the coast of Barbary, being 
migratory in some countries. 
Puate 61. Male and female, natural size. 
Bill pale bluish-grey. Irides brown. Behind the eye is a General 
naked red papillose skin. Cheeks, throat, and eye-brows on 7 
pale brownish-orange. Neck and breast bluish.grey, Male 
with fine ziz-zag black lines. On the belly is a large 
patch of deep reddish-brown, in the shape of a horse- 
shoe. Flanks grey; the feathers banded with pale 
orange-brown. Back, wings, rump, and upper tail-co- 
verts brown, with transverse black lines and spots. The 
scapulars and wing-coverts have the shafts of the fea- 
thers yellowish-white, edged with black. Quills black_ 
ish-grey, with brown bars. Tail reddish-orange. Legs 
and toes bluish-grey. 
The female differs from the male bird in having less of the Female. 
brownish-orange upon the head and throat. 
The feathers upon the crown of the head are also edged 
with white ; and the upper parts of the plumage have 
more black spots and bars. The orange-brown mark 
upon the belly is also generally ill-defined, paler in co- 
lour, or entirely wanting. 
White, pied, and cream-coloured varieties are not uncommon. Varieties. 
SECTION II. 
With the tarsus smooth. First quill-feather the longest. 
Tail very short. Inferior in size. 
