CARALLIA INTEGERRIMA. (Nat. order Rhizophoracese.) 



UARALLIA, Roxb. — GEN. CHAR. Calyx minutely bracteolate at the base, tube semi-adnate to the ovary, dampanulate above with 5-8 

 short valvate lobea, petals as many as the lobes of the ealyx clawed orbicular, jagged, 2-6d, slightly toothed, or entire, inserted at the margin of the thia 

 stamen tube which lines the calyx tube nearly up to its lobes, disk epigynous 10-16 lobed, stamens twice as many as the petals and inserted with them on 

 the stamen tube at the base of the calyx-lobes, the lower portion of the filaments adherent down to base of the free portion of the tube, anthers small 

 oblong, ovary semi-inferior 3-5 celled, with 2 ovules in each cell, pendulous from the axis above the middle, style subulate or filiform, stigma 3-5 lobed. 

 Fruit small globose coriaceous, generally 1-celled, 1-seeded, seed globosely reniform, testa fibrous, albumen fleshy, embryo curved not growing before the 

 seed falls. Trees or shrubs very glabrous, branchlets 4-angIed or terete, leaves opposite petiolate, ovate or elliptic, very glabrous shining entire or serrulate 

 stipules interpetiolar (as in RubiaceEe) caducous, flowers small in axillary pedunculate usually trichotomous cymes. — Petalotoma, DC, Prod, iii. p. 291. 

 Diafcoma, Lour Fl. Coch. 296. Symmetria, Bl. Bijd. 1130. Barraldeia, Thouars, Qen. Nov. Madag. 24. 



CARALLIA INTEGERRIMA. (DC.) A tree, glabrous in all its parts, leaves petiolate entire obovate-oblong or elliptic obtuse 

 or more or less acuminate, coriaceous, deep green and shining above, paler beneath, 3-5 inches long by about 2 broad, petioles 2-3 lines 

 long, cymes axillary or from the old leafless nodes often furnished with much gummy substance, on short peduncles, each short branch- 

 let bearing 3-5 sessile flowers, calyx short broad campanulate not 3 lines in diameter, 8-toothed, petals white clawed orbicular 

 much lobed and jagged, stamens 16 as in the generic character on filaments nearly equal in length, but the 8 opposite the sinuses are 

 less recurved and appear much longer from being more exserted, ovary 3-4 rarely 5-celled, styles 3-4 rarely 5, fruit globular about 

 3 lines in diameter crowned by the calyx-teeth. — BO. Prod, iii, 33. C. Ceylanica, Arnt. Wight III. tab. 90. C. corymbosa and 

 Sinensis, Arnt. in Tayl. Ann. Nat. Hist. Vol. i. p. 371. C. Timorensis, Bl. Mus. Bot. Vol, i. p. 128. C. octopetala, F. Mutter. 

 Pootia cereopsifolia, Uig. PI. Hochst- 



A very common tree in our Western ghat forests up to 4000 feet from Bombay down to Cape Comorin, also on the Cuddapah hills, 

 most abundant in S. Canara (where it is called in Canarese ' Audi punar ) and in Coorg ; in Bombay it is called Punschi, and in Ceylon, where 

 it is met with up to 3000 feet, it is called Dawata, it is a highly ornamental tree on account of its beautiful foliage ; it is also indigenous in 

 Bengal, Birmah, Hongkong and tropical Australia. The timber is ornamental and of a reddish color, and is used in S. Canara for furniture 

 and cabinet purposes, and in Ceylon for furniture and fittings, it is tough and not easily worked, brittle and not durable, and has a pretty wavy 

 appearance, and is peculiar in structure, having a great deal of cellular tissue; a cubic foot unseasoned weighs about 56-60 lbs. and iilbs. 

 ivhen seasoned, and its specific gravity is '684; in Birmah where the tree is known by the name of Manioga, it is used for planks and rice 

 pounders. Pn Calcuta it is in use for house building under the name of Eierpa (Bengalee.) 



A nalysis. 



1. A flower, the petals fallen off, showing the valvate calyx. 



2. The same open, showing the stamen tube lining the calyx to the base of its lobes, the 16 stamens inserted on it, and 1 of 



the petals (the other 7 removed). 



3. A petal. 



4. A flower (5 lobes of the calyx and the petals removed), showing that the calyx-tube ia adnata to the ovary in nearly iU 



whole length. 



5. Anthers, front and back view. 



6. Ovary with its 16 lobed epigynous disk, style, and a 4-cleft stigma. 



7. Ovary cut vertically, showiug the pendulous ovules and a 3-lobed stigma. 



8- A 4-celled ovary (it is sometimes 3 or 5 celled) cut transversely, showing the cells 2-ovuled. 

 9. Fruit. 



193 



