COLUMBA PALUMBUS. 



(RING-DOVE.) 



Columba palumbus, Briss. Orn. i. p. 89 (1760). 

 Columba palumbus, Linn. Syst. Nat. i. p. 282 (1766). 

 Columba palumbes, Pall. Zoogr. Rosso- As. i. p. 563 (1811). 

 Columba torguata, Leach, Syst. Cat. M. & B. Brit. Mus. p. 26 (1816). 

 Palumbus, Kaup [Columba palumbus, L.), Natiirl. Syst. p. 107 (1829). 

 Columba pinetorum, C. L. Brehm, Vog. Deutschl. p. 488 (1831). 

 Palumbus torguatus (Leach), Bp. Cat. Parzud. p. 9 (1856). 

 Columba trocaz, Morel. Hist. Nat. Acor. p. 84 (1860, nee Heine). 

 Palumbus excelsus, Bp. Compt. Rend, xliii. p. 836 (1856). 



Colombe ramier, French ; Pombo trocaz, Portuguese ; Paloma torcaz, Spanish ; Colombaccio, 

 Italian ; Tudun, Maltese ; Kamoor, Moorish ; Bingeltaube, Holztaube, German ; Bingduif, 

 Dutch ; Bingeldue, Danish ; Digva, Fseroese ; Bingdue, Norwegian ; Bingdufva, Swedish ; 

 Kauluskyyliky, Finnish ; Lesnoi-Golub, Russian. 



Figurce notabiles. 



D'Auhenton, PI. Enl. 316 ; Werner, Atlas, Pigeons, pi. 1 ; Kjserb. Orn. Dan. taf. 28 ; 

 Fritsch, Vog. Eur. taf. 29. fig. 3 ; Naumann, Vog. Deutschl. taf. 149 ; Sundevall, Svensk. 

 Fogl. pi. 31. fig. 2 ; Gould, B. of Eur. pi. 243 ; id. B. of G. Brit. iv. pi. 1 ; Schlegel, Vog. 

 Nederl. pi. 183; Bettoni, Ucc. Lomb. pi. 18. 



Ad. capite et collo superiore saturate caeruleo-cinereis, capitis lateribus purpureo et violaceo nitentibus, colic- 

 macula utrinque alba notato ; corpore supra fusco-cseruleo : remigibus primariis nigricantibus, extiis 

 albo marginatis: tectricibus alarum caeruleo-cinereis, sed tectricibus primariorum majoribus et mino- 

 ribus albis, alula, spuria nigra, secundariis dorso concoloribus : cauda versus basin cseruleo-cinerea, 

 versus apicem nigra : collo antico et pectore vinaceis, abdomine pallidiore : supracaudalibus, subcau- 

 dalibus, subalaribus et uropygio cinereo-caeruleis : rostro ad basin rubro, versus apicem flavo : iride 

 flava : pedibus incarnatis. 



Juv. adulto similis sed coloribus sordidioribus, macula nulla in lateribus colli. 



Adult Male (Kent, March). Head and upper neck dark dove-blue, sides of the neck richly glossed with 

 violet and purple, each side marked with a large white patch, which nearly meet behind the neck; 

 back dark slaty -brownish ash; wing-coverts dull dark bluish, but a long patch on the outer part of 

 the wing is pure white ; primary quills black, externally edged with white ; secondaries coloured like 

 the back, but rather darker ; wing-coverts, along the edge of the wing, and spurious wing slaty black ; 

 lower back, rump, and upper tail-coverts rich dove-blue ; base of the tail rather darker, and the 

 terminal half of the tail black; lower throat, breast, and upper abdomen rich vinous, gradually 



