41 



Mr. Miiller records but two instances of its occurrence in the Faeroes — one in July 1857, and 

 the second on the island of Naalsoe on the 10 th October in the same year. It has been met 

 with in most parts of Scandinavia ; and Mr. Collett informs me that stragglers occur in almost 

 every portion of Norway, both in the north and in the south ; and in the districts bordering the 

 Christiania fiord it is occasionally met with even in flocks ; but most of the individuals obtained 

 have been in immature dress. Of late years it has been found tolerably often on the southern 

 and western coasts, even on the coasts of Nordland and Finmark. It is, he says, " highly impro- 

 bable that the numerous individuals which have occurred during a long succession of years in 

 various parts of the country were all of them stray birds ; but, on the other hand, it is hardly 

 possible to name the habitat of a colony whence the individuals in question can have spread." 



Sundevall says it is curious that, although only of irregular occurrence in Southern Sweden, 

 it is met with more frequently, and almost regularly, in the north. The instances of its occur- 

 rence recorded by him (most of which are cited by Nilsson) are as follows — four in Skane, one 

 in Vestmanland in November, one at Hudiksvall in August 1840, one at Enontekis in 1837, and 

 two at Quickjoek in the autumn of 1841. A small flock is also said to have been seen at 

 Quickjock several years in succession; and one individual was taken in Nerike in September 

 1857. Several of those obtained were young in their first plumage. 



Pastor Sommerfelt says that one was shot on Vatso some time ago, and that they have 

 since then been observed on Vardo. Besides the occurrence recorded by Professor Sundevall at 

 Enontekis, which place is in Finnish Lapland, it has, Professor Malmgren writes to me, been but 

 once met with in Finland, in Kyrkslatt parish, near Helsingfors, where a single example was 

 shot on the 3rd of October, 1868, and is now in the University collection at Helsingfors. 

 Mr. Sabanaeff informs me that it is common throughout Central Russia, especially in the Tula 

 Government, where it breeds. It occurs in the Moscow and Jaroslaf Governments; it also 

 breeds, nesting in fir trees, but is not common, and probably does not occur higher than in 

 60° N. lat. In the Keshtemsky and Kaslinsky Ural he found it breeding; but though 

 common on the western slope it was rare on the eastern side of the Ural chain. According to 

 Eversmann it is common in the Perm Government. Throughout North Germany it is generally 

 distributed, and common in summer ; and Kjasrbolling says that it is rare in Denmark, but 

 breeds near Flensborg, and is said to have nested at Endrupholm. Mr. Beck has shot it at 

 Thye ; and Mr. Dahl says that it breeds in Jutland, but does not say where. It arrives late in 

 April or early in May, and leaves in August or September. In Holland, Belgium, and France it 

 is very generally distributed, and common during the summer season ; and it is stated by Professor 

 Barboza du Bocage to be common in Portugal. It summers in Spain ; and is, Colonel Irby says, 

 extremely abundant in Andalucia, arriving chiefly in the first week in May, and leaving early in 

 October ; but he saw a single bird as late as the 31st October at Casa Vieja. Mr. A. von Homeyer 

 observed it in the Balearic isles, and says that it breeds in the wooded hills on the western portion 

 of Majorca, near Arta, the sandy Son Serra and Son Real, but he never met with it on Minorca. 

 He remarks that he never saw any earlier than the 6th of May. 



In Switzerland and Savoy, Bailly says, it is not a common bird, and is only met with during 

 about four months and a half of the summer. It nests chiefly on the southern slopes of the hills 

 bordering the plains ; and a few pairs are to be met with every year on the bush-covered banks 



