147 



eggs ; and the young birds were seen in September following.' There are specimens also in the 

 Dunrobin Museum." In Ireland the Quail is said to be much more numerous than in England ; 

 and Thompson states that it is very generally distributed over the cultivated districts in summer, 

 and that numbers also remain during the winter. 



It is not found in Greenland or Iceland; but Captain Feilden says that it occurs not 

 unfrequently in Fseroe as a summer visitor. Herr Muller received nine eggs from a nest taken 

 near Qualvig on the 1st October, 1865; and another nest was procured in Sandoe, August 1866, 

 containing six eggs. In Norway it breeds in tolerable numbers in the lowlands of Christiania 

 and Hamar Stifts up to the Trondhjemsfjord, where it is frequently seen in the Surendale, and 

 one was shot at Tromso. On the west coast it is rare, but was seen in Sondfjord in the summer 

 of 1858 by Dr. Bidenkap. It breeds in the more elevated subalpine portions of the Foldale, in 

 the Dovre. It arrives late in May in Southern Norway, and leaves again late in September. 

 Professor Sundevall remarks that, as a rule, it can only be considered as a rare species in Sweden, 

 where it is somewhat sparingly distributed from Skane up to Sodermanland, Upland, and Nerike ; 

 but occasionally it breeds there in tolerable numbers. Previous to 1820-30, he remarks, it was 

 scarcely known in Sweden, but has since then gradually increased. In Finland it is said to be 

 rare ; but occurs sparingly here and there, Dr. Palmen says, in the southern and central portions 

 of the country. It has been met with near Gamla Karleby ; and Mr. Tengstrom heard and saw 

 it in June 1839 at Latvajiirvi lake, close to the frontier of Finland, in the Archangel Govern- 

 ment, in 65° N. lat. It is not uncommon in many parts of Russia. Meves met with it in the 

 Archangel Government ; and Messrs. Alston and Harvie-Brown saw two in the flesh at Sujma, 

 near Archangel. Sabanaeff says that it was met with by Kessler in the southern portion of the 

 Olonetz Government. In the Ural he met with it only in the cultivated portions of the Perm 

 Government ; but it spreads northwards as cultivation progresses. Mr. Taczanowski says that the 

 Quail is common in Poland in summer, arriving about the 10th May and leaving usually late in 

 October, though a few stragglers may be seen as late as the 15th November. 



Throughout the whole of North Germany the present species is tolerably common, and 

 generally distributed during the summer ; and Mr. Collin states that it is found in Denmark 

 from May to September. Mr. Fischer says that, as a rule, it is only sparingly met with in 

 Vendsyssel, but in 1863, curiously enough, it was exceedingly numerous, and in the following 

 year it was also more numerous than usual. From then to 1868 it was, as usual, not common; 

 but in that year again it was more plentiful. Schlegel says that it is found in Holland during 

 the breeding-season, but in most parts it is rather rare than otherwise. It arrives in May, and 

 leaves in September. In Belgium and France it is common from about the middle of April to 

 the end of September, and is especially numerous during passage on the Mediterranean coasts. 

 M. Adrien Lacroix states that it breeds throughout the Pyrenees; and Professor Barboza du 

 Bocage says it is common in Portugal. Dr. E. Rey, however, states that he only heard its call 

 once in Estremadura, near Barreiro, on the 24th of March. It is certainly common in Spain. 

 Mr. Howard Saunders writes (Ibis, 1871, p. 224) that " some remain throughout the winter in 

 the south of Spain ; but the greater number arrive in April and remain to breed all over the 

 country. Torremolinos, near Malaga, is a noted Quail-ground." According to Colonel Irby 

 (Orn. Str. Gibr. p. 138) " the chief vernal migration of the common Quail is during the months of 



