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the upper parts are generally grey, in others rusty grey, and again in others greyish rust-red. Those from 

 Pomerania are the smallest; those from Karnthen are like those from Trieste. The bird from Northern Asia 

 (which Tilesius brought from Kamsehatka) is a different species, both male and female lacking the black chin 

 and throat, having this part white, and has been named by me Bonasia albigularis ." Mr. D. G. Elliot, in his 

 great work on the Grouse, has not referred to these subspecies of Brehm ; and it is impossible for us, with our 

 own limited material, to say how far these subspecies are well founded. We certainly believe, however, that the 

 supposed species with the white throat will not be found to exist ; probably a young male, or a mistake as to 

 sex, has caused the author to believe in the possibility of such a contingency. On the other hand Radde, 

 writing about his Siberian birds, says : — " I have before me old males from the Apfelgebirge, which, like all 

 winter-killed birds from Siberia, have the back grey. Examples with rust-brown in the plumage, especially on 

 the wings, are not wanting in Eastern Siberia ; and Dr.Wulffius lately sent one, procured on the 10th October, 

 1860, at Port May." Then, again, Captain Blakiston writes about the bird in Japan :• — " I brought home a 

 single young male specimen, which Dr. Sclater considers to be of this species, and which Mr. Maximovitch, 

 who had killed them, pronounced to be identical with those of the Amoor. The length was 16J, and wing 



6| inches. Eye hazel-brown, bill dark horn-colour, feet leaden flesh, over the eye orange-red Four 



fine specimens, of which the males had black throats, were shot on another occasion in the thick woods about 

 twenty-five miles north of Hakodadi." Dr. Taczanowski informs us that specimens from Southern Russia 

 and Siberia are much brighter in colour than those of Central Europe ; but as he does not notice any further 

 peculiarities, and as Captain Blakiston distinctly mentions the black throats, we can hardly believe in the 

 possibility of a distinct species being found in Kamsehatka. 



Varieties. There can, we think, be no doubt that the bird figured by Sparrman in the 'Museum 

 Carlsonianum/ and named by him Tetrao canus, is only a white variety of the Hazel-Grouse; indeed the 

 characteristic crest and unfeathered toes clearly refer to this species. Such varieties are sometimes seen ; and 

 Mr. J. H. Gurney, jun., procured one during his visit to Russia, and on his return to England gave it to 

 Mr. F. Bond, in whose collection it still remains. Mr. Lloyd also remarks : — " Accidental varieties are occa- 

 sionally met with. Nilsson speaks of an individual of a faded colour, in which the portion of the plumage that 

 is usually black was brown ; and Mr. Wilhelm von Wright of others as being " almost white, though more 

 commonly greyish white, with faint approximation to the usual colour ; " such a one, he tells us, he himself 

 shot when residing in Finland, on the 12th September, 1824.'" 



In Great Britain the present species does not occur ; and it is most plentiful in the northern part 

 of the European continent, whence it extends right across Siberia to Japan and Northern China. 

 It is also found in Russia, Poland, and in certain parts of Germany, being met with in the Alps, 

 Pyrenees, and in suitable localities in the countries bordering the Rhine. 



In Norway, according to Collett, it is found in all conifer woods, from Smaalehnene up to 

 Nordland, where Boie found it at Foldereid, 65° N. lat. In the west it is rare at Christiansand, 

 and does not occur in Bergen Stift, unless in the parts nearest the fells. In the small dales, at a 

 considerable altitude, it occurs sparingly, but is no longer found on the fells in the subalpine 

 region. Mr. Collett further states that near Christiania it is as common as the Capercailzie, 

 affecting localities where the conifer growth is intermixed with non-evergreen trees, especially 

 birches, and the woods are full of hillocks. It frequents the ground less than the Capercailzie 

 and Black Grouse. Nilsson says that it is not found in Southern Sweden ; near Rimforssa and 



o 



Kisa, in Linkopings Lan, it is not rare, but more so at Sathalla, and near Bokara, and Arhult, 

 in Calmar Lan. It is found near Uddevalla and in Bohuslan, is tolerably abundant in Oster- 

 gothland, rare near Stockholm, but abundant in the north of Sweden. In Lapland Lowenhjelm 



