359 



GKUS LEUCOGERANUS. 



(SIBERIAN CRANE.) 



Grus leucogeranus, Pall. Keise Euss. Reichs, ii. Anhang, p. 714 (1773). ' \' r 



Ardea gigantea, S. G. Gmel. Eeise durch Russl. ii. p. 189 (1774). 



Grus gigantea (Gmel.), Vieill. Nouv. Diet. xiii. p. 558 (1817). 



Grus leucogerana (Pall.), Temm. & Schl. Fauna Jap. p. 118 -(1850). 



Grus leucogeranos (Pall.), Temm. & Schl. op. cit. pi. 73 (1850). 



Antigone leucogeranus (Pall.), Reich. Syst. Av. pis. 214, 217 (1852). 



Leucogeranus giganteus (Gm.), Bp. Cat. Parzud. p. 9 (1856). '_ 



Belbi-Jourawl, Sterkh, Russian. 



Figurce notabiles. 

 Temm. PI. Col. 467; Gould, B. of Eur. pi. 271. 



Ad. albus, remigibus primariis nigris, secundariis et scapularibus elongatis : facie nuda rubra : rostro umbrino, 

 versus basin rubro : iride pallide flava, : pedibus rubro-incarnatis. 



Juv. facie baud nuda. : capite et collo superiore ferrugineo-cervinis, mento et gula pallidioribus : corpore 

 reliquo (primariis et tectricibus superioribus exceptis) cervine- et rufescenti-cervino, albo notato. 



Adult Male (N.W. India). Entire plumage pure white, except tbe primaries, which are black; inner 

 secondaries and scapulars elongated, extending about three inches beyond the primaries ; fore part of 

 the head to behind the eye naked, with a few sparsely scattered hairs ; bill umber-brown, the membrane 

 of the nasal groove and the basal portion of the bill red ; the bare part of the head dull red ; iris bright 

 pale yellow ; legs dull pale reddish pink. Total length about 52 inches, culmen 7'4, wing 23'4, tail 8'0, 

 tarsus 10 - 9. 



Adult Female. Resembles the male, but is smaller. 



Young {fide Hume, Ibis, 1868, p. 39) . No bare space about the face ; but this part is browner and dingier ; 

 head and upper neck rusty buff, clearest and deepest on the cheeks and top and back of the head, and 

 very pale on the chin and throat ; rest of the plumage (excepting the primaries and greater coverts and 

 winglets) buff, in some places brighter and more rufous, in others duller and sandier, with white every- 

 where beginning to peep through ; bill dark reddish brown, before the nostril becoming greenish 

 brown ; legs and feet duller than in the adult. 



This magnificent Crane is only a rare straggler from Asia to Eastern Europe. Pallas writes that 

 he saw two near St. Petersburg in April ; and Artzibascheff (Excurs. Orn. Sarpa, p. 74) says that 

 this Crane is rare near Sarepta, hut occurs more frequently at the mouth of the Volga on 

 passage. When travelling through the Calmuck steppes he observed several on the shores of 



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