556 



<J ad. ptil. (est. pileo et nucha albis nigro striatis : dorso centraliter ferrugineo, lateraliter nigro, dorso reliquo 

 cum scapularibus uigris ferrugineo immixto, uropygio albo : remigibus nigro-fuscis, versus apicem 

 saturatioribus, primariis intimis ad basin albis, secundariis albis nigro-fuseo apicatis, intimis brevioribus 

 nonnullis albis immaculatis : tectricibus alarum pallide ferrugineis, exterioribus nigro notatis, majoribus 

 late albo terminatis : supracaudalibus caudse proximse albis, brevioribus nigris : cauda alba, fascia magna 

 subapicali nigro-fusca, rectricibus duabus centralibus fere omnino nigro-fuscis : a basi rostri superne ad 

 oculos stria nigra, et una cum. genis nigris ad collum laterale conjuncta : facie laterali reliqua alba : 

 gula alba, gutture et pectore toto superiore (macula alba utrinque excepta) saturate nigris : corpore 

 reliquo subtus pure albo : rostro nigro : iride fusca : pedibus rufescenti-aurantiacis, unguibus nigris. 



2 ad. ptil. cest. mari similis sed sordidior, capite summo et nucha saturatioribus, corpore supra minus ferru- 

 gineo notato, et fasciis nigris in capite cum pectore obscurioribus. 



d ad. ptil. Mem. ubique obscurior, minus ferrugineo notato, pectoris plumis albido apicatis et abidis immixtis. 



Adult Male in summer (Hitteren, Norway, June) . Crown and nape white, each feather with a black central 

 line ; forehead, sides of the crown, hinder portion of the auriculars, a large spot in front of and rather 

 below the eye, and throat pure white; a narrow band of jet-black passes over the forehead connecting 

 the eyes, below which it widens into a large patch, joining a broad black stripe passing from the lower 

 mandible to the breast ; centre of the dorsal region chestnut, the sides being jet-black ; rest of the 

 back and scapulars varied black and chestnut ; quills blackish brown, with white shafts ; inner primaries 

 white at the extreme base, secondaries white, excepting on the terminal portion, where they are dusky 

 blackish grey, some of the inner ones pure white; smaller wing-coverts pale chestnut, varied with 

 black and brown ; larger coverts blackish brown, broadly tipped with white ; rump white ; upper tail- 

 coverts intermixed black and white, the smaller ones black, and the longer ones being white; tail 

 white, with a very broad subterminal black band, which on the central rectrices covers a much larger- 

 area than on the rest; breast and extreme upper part of the flanks velvety black, except that on each 

 side there is a white mark near the base of the wing, rest of the underparts pure white; bill blackish; 

 iris dark brown; legs orange-red. Total length about 9 inches, culmen TO, wing 6"0j tail 2"5, 

 tarsus l - 0. 



Adult Female (Jsederen, Norway, June) . Differs from the male above described in having the head and 

 nape much darker, the chestnut on the upper parts less developed, the black markings on the head less 

 clear, and the black on the breast covering a smaller area. 



Adult in winter (Djeddah, Rea Sea, December). Differs from the male above described in having less 

 chestnut in the plumage, and in having the black portions of the head, neck, and breast obscured by 

 white tips to the feathers, and intermixed with white feathers. 



Young (Pagham, Sussex, July) . Head and nape dull dark brown, marked with black ; upper parts blackish 

 brown, the feathers being tipped and margined with dull light brown, on the larger wing-coverts, 

 however, with reddish brown ; scapulars like the back ; quills and tail as in the adult ; sides of the 

 head brownish, intermixed with white ; throat white ; breast dull dark brown, in the centre and lower 

 portion merging into black ; rest of the underparts white. 



Nestling (about three days o\A,fide Collett). Covered with down; blackish grey, slightly washed with 

 yellowish, and here and there tipped with black ; along the crown is a narrow black band reaching to 

 the forehead, though not quite to the base of the bill ; a similar stripe extends from the base of the 

 upper mandible to the eye ; and there is a black spot at the gape ; sides of the throat grey ; belly white ; 

 wings and scapulars coloured like the back. 



