Nestling (N. America). Covered with close short down; upper parts rusty yellowish, more rufous on the 

 head and rump ; centre of the crown and a mark before and behind the eye black, and the back with a 

 central and two lateral stripes of that colour, besides being marked with black on the sides ; chin and 

 throat pale rufous-ochre, rest of the underparts whitish, becoming sooty grey towards the crissum. 



Obs. The above specimen cannot be more than two or three days old ; but an older one, from Alten in 

 Finmark, has the upper parts feathered, the feathers being intermixed with down, and the underparts 

 covered with down only. In colour it is somewhat like the autumn bird above described; but the 

 upper parts are much darker, and the feathers all broadly margined with rusty orange; underparts 

 white, on the throat slightly washed with yellowish red, and on the breast, flanks, and lower abdomen 

 darkly tinged with sooty grey. 



Obs. Some authors consider that the present species should bear the name of Phalaropus lobatus (L.) ; but 

 I have deemed it best to discard that name for the following reasons : — Linnaeus, in his Syst. Nat. i. 

 p. 249, describes his Tringa lobata as follows : — " T. rostro subulato, apice inflexo, pedibus pennatis, 

 pectore albo undulato ;" he also says " rostrum tenuissimum est." He refers Edwards's plate (no. 308) 

 and Brisson's Phalaropus to this species, as well as the first portion of his own description in the 

 'Fauna Suecica,' no. 179, where he describes a bird in winter plumage which may be either species; 

 but in a second paragraph he describes another specimen from Lapland, which certainly is the Red- 

 necked Phalarope. Edwards's plate (no. 308), however, to which he refers as representing his Tringa 

 lobata, is undoubtedly a representation of the Grey Phalarope in winter plumage ; and Brisson's 

 Phalaropus refers also to the same species. Thus it appears that Linnaeus has mixed up the two 

 species under his Tringa lobata. There cannot, however, be a shadow of doubt respecting his Tringa 

 hyperborea, which he also refers to his ' Fauna Suecica/ no. 179, as representing the specimen described 

 in the second paragraph ; and I therefore discard the name of lobatus for either species, and use hyper- 

 boreus for the Red-necked Phalarope, and fulicarius for the Grey Phalarope, both of which names are 

 published on the same page in the ' Systema Naturae ' as Tringa lobata. 



The Red-necked Phalarope inhabits the northern portions of both the Palsearctic and Nearctic 

 Regions during the summer season, migrating southward at the approach of winter, at which 

 season it has been found as far south as Algeria in the Western Palsearctic Region, and as far as 

 the Aru Islands in Asia. 



In Great Britain it breeds in the far northern districts, being found elsewhere on the coasts 

 only during migration. Mr. More says (Ibis, 1865, p. 439) that it breeds, according to Colonel 

 Drummond-Hay, in a few scattered localities in the county of Perth, according to Dr. Dewar 

 in that of Inverness, according to Messrs. St. John and Dunbar in that of Sutherland, and 

 according to Captain J. W. P. Orde and Dr. Dewar in the Outer Hebrides. He further says 

 that Mr. Dunn informs him that it is now no longer found in the Orkneys. Formerly, however, 

 it used to breed there ; and Dunn wrote in 1837 (Orn. Guide to Ork. & Shetl. p. 88) as follows : — 

 " I have never seen this bird in Shetland. I got several in Orkney, but it is not plentiful. It 

 arrives in the month of July, and departs on the approach of winter. It breeds in August, and 

 builds its nest in swampy situations close to the edge of the water, sometimes on small green 

 islands in the middle of the lakes. The places where I procured their eggs and found the birds 

 most numerous are in a small sheet of water three or four miles from the lighthouse of Sanda, 

 a lake near Nunse Castle in Westra, and at Sandwick near Stromness." Mr. Robert Gray 



3g2 



