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north, as I have received both birds and eggs from Archangel, and Messrs. Seebohm and Harvie- 

 Brown foivnd it breeding commonly in the delta of the Petchora. Mr. Sabanaeff informs me 

 that it breeds commonly throughout Central Russia, but is not so numerous as the common 

 Snipe. In the Ural he found it throughout the Perm Government, and as far north as 63° N. lat. 

 It appears to be common in Poland and the Baltic Provinces ; and I have frequently seen it near 

 St. Petersburg, where, I was told, it is tolerably numerous. Borggreve says that in North 

 Germany it becomes rarer towards the west, and is chiefly found near the coast, becoming very 

 rare inland. In Mecklenburg, Pomerania, and East Friesland it breeds here and there. Von 

 Preen shot it off its eggs in Mecklenburg ; Wiese believes that it breeds in the Peene valley ; 

 and Von Negelein writes that it breeds, and is common on passage, in Oldenburg. In Denmark 

 it appears to be by no means uncommon during the summer season ; and it breeds in Jutland, 

 whence I have received many birds and eggs. It occurs in Holland and Belgium during passage, 

 chiefly in the autumn ; and in France, according to Messrs. Degland and Gerbe, it occurs on 

 passage in April and August, but is not common. In Portugal it is stated by Professor Barboza 

 du Bocage to be rare ; and with reference to its occurrence in Spain, Colonel Irby writes (Orn. 

 Str. Gibr. p. 170), the present species " is only met with near Gibraltar on passage, ' here to- 

 day, gone to-morrow.' I saw two and shot one at Casa Vieja on the 24th of October, 1868 ; one 

 was killed near Gibraltar on the 17th October, 1871 ; and I know of another obtained in April. 

 It is there a well-known bird, but, passing north late in April and early in May, and returning 

 again in September and October, is not very liable to be noticed; and I imagine that their 

 chief line of migration lies more to the eastward." Mr. Adrien Lacroix speaks of it as occurring 

 in the French Pyrenees in the winter and on passage. It passes through Switzerland at the two 

 seasons of migration, but sometimes more numerously than at others ; and, according to Salvadori, 

 it is not very common in Italy, where it occurs late in April and in May, and again, though in 

 smaller numbers, on the autumn passage. 



Mr. C. A. Wright states that it is not uncommon in Malta in April and May, and is occa- 

 sionally seen earlier ; but he never heard of a specimen having been seen in the autumn or winter. 

 In Southern Germany it is somewhat rare. The late Mr. E. Seidensacher informed me that it 

 was occasionally met with in Styria in the autumn, but only as a rare straggler ; and Dr. Anton 

 Fritsch states that it is now and again met with singly in Bohemia. The same may be said 

 regarding its occurrence in Austria ; and Messrs. Danford and Harvie-Brown, in their paper on 

 the ornithology of Transylvania, say that " solitary birds are not rarely met with during migration 

 at Hatzeg, the Strell valley, Gyeke, and other localities." Messrs. Elwes and Buckley obtained 

 it once in Bulgaria ; Dr. Kriiper states that it is occasionally met with in Greece in the winter ; 

 and Lord Lilford writes (Ibis, 1860, p. 342) as follows: — "Arrives in Corfu and Epirus in small 

 numbers in March, remaining about a month in the low-lying maize-fields and vineyards ; a few 

 are always to be met with at that season in the Val di Poppa. I have occasionally killed this 

 species in Epirus in September." 



Professor von Nordmann speaks of it as being very common on the shores of the Black Sea, 

 where in the spring it arrives soon after the Woodcock has passed ; and he adds that it breeds in 

 the marshy portions of Bessarabia. 



I have no data as regards its occurrence in Asia Minor, where it is in all probability found 



