E. BTHERIDGE, JUN., ON LOWER-CARBONIFEROUS INVERTEBRATA. 25 



At Drumsheugh, Dean Bridge, certain beds of sandstone and 

 shale have been investigated by Mr. Henderson and Mr. Gall ; and 

 the fossil contents go far, I think, to prove Mr. Henderson's view 

 of the identity of this bed with the Woodhall Shale, as amongst 

 them are two of the most characteristic shells of the latter bed, 

 Schizodus Salteri and Pandora ? typica. Another species accompany- 

 ing them, but not found at Woodhall, is Anthracoptera't obesa, mini, 

 which also occurs at Craigieith Quarry, and has been obtained by 

 Mr. Henderson, and also by Mr. Bennie, in an altered shale under- 

 lying trap at the north end of Corstorphine Hill, near Edinburgh. 

 A shell which afterwards becomes exceedingly characteristic of the 

 Burdiehouse beds makes its first appearance in black shale in the 

 Water of Leith at Kate's Mill near Slateford. I have elsewhere de- 

 scribed this species as Anthracomya scotica, and shown that it may 

 be identical with Unio nuciformis, Hibbert ; but as I cannot trace 

 the type of the latter, it is a question which will, I am afraid, re- 

 main unsettled. Mr. Henderson has only obtained fragments from 

 Kate's Mill ; but even these are infested with the little Spirorbis 

 carbonarius, as are nearly all the individuals from the horizon of the 

 Burdiehouse Limestone. The most interesting point in connexion 

 with the Entomostraca of the Wardie Shales is the first appearance 

 of the Coal-measure genus Leaia, for the discovery of which we are 

 indebted to Mr. C. W. Peach, in an ironstone nodule at Wardie. 

 Little has been written on the Invertebrates of the Burdiehouse 

 Limestone and associated beds. They appear to be chiefly remark- 

 able for the abundance of Spirorbis carbonarius and its varieties, 

 the Anthracomya previously indicated, and the great quantity of 

 Ostracoda forming what is usually termed " Cyprid Shale." The 

 more important forms are Leperditia scoto-burdigalensis, Hibbert, 

 L. OJceni, Miinster, and Daphnoidea (or Cypridina) Hibberti, Jones. 

 It is hardly necessary to point out, as the previous Table suffici- 

 ently indicates it, the close correspondence which exists between the 

 organic remains from the bands of marine shale found at Woodhall, 

 Drumsheugh, Craigieith, Craiglockhart, and Granton. 



Conclusion. 



In the foregoing pages I have endeavoured to give, first, an out- 

 line of our knowledge of the Invertebrate fauna of the Calciferous 

 Sandstone Series up to the present time ; secondly, I have given de- 

 scriptions and figures of numerous species from Mr. Henderson's col- 

 lection, thereby increasing the fauna largely ; thirdly, I have appended 

 some remarks on the first appearance of many of these fossils, and 

 indicated the occurrence of, at least, three or four marine beds in the 

 Calciferous Sandstone Series, in addition to that mentioned by Mr. 

 Salter at Clubbidean. They are: — Craiglockhart Quarry with 

 Discina nitida, Lingula squamiformis ?, L. mytiloides, &c. ; Woodhall, 

 Water of Leith, with a copious fauna (see Table) ; and (if not iden- 

 tical with the latter) Drumsheugh ; whilst the fourth may perhaps 

 be indicated by the occurrence of Lingula squamiformis at Dean 

 Bridge, Water of Leith. 



