E. ETHEE1DGE, JTJN., ON LOWEE-CAEEOKITEEOTJS INVEETEBEATA. 7 



History ' in August last year * a shell was described as Leptodomus ? 

 clavatus, which is common at four localities — Woodhall, Granton, 

 Drumsheugh, and Craigleith. Some further remarks are made upon 

 this species further on. The base of the Cement-stone group at the 

 Clubbidean Eeservoir in the Pentland Hills appears to be well 

 marked by the presence of a limestone in which a bivalve occurs 

 referred by Mr. Salter to the genus Myalina. I have never seen 

 good specimens of this form. A thin papyraceous little shell is very 

 characteristic of the Wardie Shales at Slateford, of which numerous 

 specimens are in the Survey Collection. By Mr. Salter it was 

 regarded as an Anthracomya f ; I have labelled it Anthracoptera 

 papyracea, B,. Eth. (MS.). In the ' Geological Magazine ' for June 

 last (1877) I described another bivalve, equally characteristic of the 

 beds in connexion with the Burdiehouse Limestone, as Anthracomya 

 scotica J. 



Gasteropoda. — No members of this class had been described from 

 our Lower Carboniferous rocks, so far as I am aware, until I noticed 

 the occurrence of a variety of Bellerophon decussatus, Flem., at 

 Woodhall, Water of Leith §. 



Cephalopoda. — Mr. Salter recorded two species of Orthoceras 

 from Livingston, near Mid Calder. I am not aware that any other 

 specimens have been found in that immediate locality. 



II. Descriptions of the Species from the Wardie-Shale section of the 

 Cement-stone group contained in the Cabinets of Mr. John Hen- 

 derson and Mr. Gall, Edinburgh. 



With the exception of a few of the specimens, the species de- 

 scribed in the following pages are in' the cabinet of Mr. J. Henderson, 

 who has collected extensively from the Wardie Shales, and has been 

 kind enough to place his collections at my disposal for description. I 

 am also indebted to Mr. Gall, through Mr. Henderson, for the loan 

 of several additional specimens from the same beds. I must not omit 

 to mention that Mr. James Bennie has made an extensive collection, 

 not only from the Wardie-Shale division, but also from the other 

 horizons of the Lower Carboniferous. In working out Mr. Hender- 

 son's fossils the examination of the Survey Collection has been of 

 great assistance to me ; and could I have combined the description 

 of the latter with the present notes, the number of species from 

 the Lower Carboniferous generally would be greatly increased, and 

 the conclusions arrived at of a more extended and complete cha- 

 racter. 



I have experienced considerable difficulty in the discrimination of 

 some of the species, not only from the usually bad state of preserva- 

 tion in which the specimens are found, but also from the want of 

 works bearing on similar deposits and their contents elsewhere. 



* "Notes on Carboniferous Lamellibranchiata," vol. xviii. 4th series, p. 101. 

 t Memoir 32, p. 146. \ Dec. 2, iv. p. 244, t. 12. fig. 8. 



§ Geol. Mag. Dec. 2, iii. p. 244, 



