96 



GEORGE MERCER DAWSON ON THE 



represent, though possibly in some cases with the addition of pre- 

 glacial river- gravels and alluvium. It is a very hard greyish-yellow 

 sandy clay, crowded with subangular stones of varied origin, but 

 generally quite small. 



The ordinary deposits of the low south-eastern peninsula differ 

 from these in being less consolidated and finer, and frequently show 

 evident signs of stratification. The material most largely repre- 

 sented may be described as a hard, yellowish or pale yellowish-grey 

 sandy clay, often having weather-stained cracks traversing it in all 

 directions. This is frequently quite massive, and contains scattered 

 stones and boulders, which are generally more or less rounded, and 

 comparatively seldom show signs of glaciation, but occasionally do 

 so very distinctly. In other places the deposit is more sandy and 

 gravelly, and the bedding, which is often inclined, quite distinct. 

 A very fine blue clay, which rests immediately, or with the inter- 

 vention of a thin layer of gravel, on the rock- surface in sheltered 

 hollows, is only a finer form of the same deposit, it being impossible 

 to draw any line between this and the other classes of material. 

 The deposits are occasionally very irregular, as though they had been 

 stirred up by the grounding of floating ice, or some such cause; 

 while false-bedding and appearance of water -disturbance are more 

 frequent on points and the localities which must have been most ex- 

 posed (fig. 3). 



Fig. 3. — Deposits overlying Glaciated Roch 



Island. 



Victoria, Vancouver 





a. Soil. 



b. Yellowish-grey sandy clay. 



c. Hard bluish clay, rusty cracks, 



d. Sand and gravelly clay. 



The drift-deposits frequently form cliffs or steep banks 30 or 40 

 feet in height, along the shore. Large boulders are found through- 

 out, but are most abundant towards the top of the deposit, the clayey 



