406 W. BOYD DAWKINS ON THE DEER OF THE 



Measurements {inches). 



Brit. Mus. Gaudry. 



Extreme length from burr to crown. . 11-4 



Length of pedicle 1-5 1*2 



Basal circumference above burr .... 2*8 



Prom burr to second tyne 3*0 4*75 



Length of second tyne 3*0 



From second to third tyne 4-2 3-9 



Formation. — Upper Miocenes of Cucuron and Mont Leberon. 



C. Gervus cusanus, Croizet and Jobert. (Fig. 2.) 



Cervus cusanus, Croizet and Jobert, Les Oss. foss. de Puy-de- 

 Dome, 4to, pi. viii. ; Pomel, Cat. Methodique, p. Ill ; Gervais, Pa- 

 leont. p. 149. 



The antlers of this Pliocene species belong to the same round-ant- 

 lered division as the Roe-deer or Capreoli, and are so closely allied 

 to those of the Cervus Matheroni of the Upper Miocenes that the 

 latter species may have been the ancestor of the former. The antler 

 in the British Museum (No. 34610) from the Pliocene strata of Arde 

 in Le Puy belongs obviously to the same species as that figured 

 but not described by Croizet and Jobert from Mont Perrier near 

 Issoire. 



Definition (fig. 2). — Pedicle long, round ; antler rounded below, 

 grooved, erect, three-tyned ; burr, A, at right angles to long axis of 

 antler and stout ; beam flattened as it approaches second tyne, D ; 

 second tyne at acute angles to beam, oval, flattened, pointed ; crown 

 composed of two flattened tynes, C, E ; no brow-tyne. 



These characters, in the specimen in the British Museum, are re- 

 peated with but little modification in that figured by MM. Croizet 

 and Jobert. 



Measurements (inches). 



Extreme length of specimen 12-0 



Length of pedicle 1*5 



Basal circumference above burr .... 2* 6 



From burr to second tyne 4*4 



Length of second tyne 1*7 



Relation to Roe-deer. — The animal was probably about the size of 

 a Roe-deer, from which it differed in the antlers being longer and 

 more slender, and having the channelled beam free from knobs. In 

 general form the antlers resemble the third antlers of the Roe *, and 

 bear to them the same relation as those of Dicroceros to those of the 

 Muntjak. It seems therefore to me almost certain that the Cervus 

 cusanus was the lineal ancestor of the Roe, which makes its first 

 appearance in the forest-bed of Norfolk, and that through it the 



* See Blasius, ' Saugethiere Deutschlands,' p. 463. 



