560 H. W. EEILDEN AND C. E. DE EANCE ON 



Carboniferous Limestone. — An exposure of rocks of this age occurs 

 on the north coast of Grinnell Land, in Eeilden and Parry Peninsulas, 

 and as far west as Clements-Markham Inlet, rising, on Mount Julia, 

 to a height of over 2000 feet, and probably attaining a still higher 

 elevation in the United-States range, which coincides in direction 

 with that of the limestone of the coast. There would also appear 

 to be a strong likelihood that the limestone continues in a south- 

 westerly direction by way of these mountains across the whole of 

 Grinnell Land, and is connected with the limestones forming the 

 well-known synclinal of that formation occupying so large a portion 

 of the Parry Archipelago. 



A large number of fossils from this region have been identified 

 by Mr. Etheridge ; amongst them may be mentioned Productus cos- 

 tatus, Spirifera ovalis, and S. duplicicosta. It is noteworthy that 

 the explorers did not meet with this formation on the northern 

 shores of Greenland; and it is observable that a continuation of 

 the direction of the known strike of the limestones of Feilden 

 Peninsula, carried over the Polar area, passes through the neigh- 

 bourhood of Spitzbergen, where this formation occurs, and contains 

 certain species identical with those of the Grinnell-Land rocks of 

 this horizon. 



Fo Secondary rocks were discovered in the more northern lands 

 visited by the Expedition, though they occur in several other por- 

 tions of the Arctic area. 



Jur assies. — Liassic fossils were long ago discovered by Lieut. Anj on, 

 of the Russian Navy, in New Siberia ; and at Point Wilkie and other 

 localities in the Parry Archipelago patches of Lias with a numerous 

 fauna occur, resting on the denuded edges of the Carboniferous 

 Limestone, and rising to a height of 567 feet above the sea on 

 Exmouth Island, where Sir Edward Belcher discovered the saurians 

 described by Prof. Owen. 



Saurians also occur in Spitzbergen (Ichthyosaurus polaris and I. 

 Nordenslaoldii of Mr. Hulke) in beds of black bituminous shales, 

 interstratified with hyperite, limestone, and sandstone, referable to 

 the Trias and Lias. 



The saurian vertebrae named by Dr. Leith Adams Arctosaurus 

 Osborni were found in the Lias beds of Bathurst Island by Admiral 

 Sherard Osborn. 



Jurassic rocks with Myacites? liassinus, Beleranites paxittosus, and 

 an Ammonite near to biplex occur at Katmai Bay, on the south 

 coast of the promontory of Alaska, examined by M. "Wosnessenskii. 



On the east coast of Greenland Lieut. Julius Payer and Dr. Cope- 

 land discovered marls and sandstones, on the east coast of Kuhn 

 Island, with a fauna resembling that of the Russian Jurassics, cha- 

 racterized by the presence of the genus Aucella, which is found from 

 the Lower Yolga northward to the mouth of the Petschora, and 

 occurs in. Spitzbergen (A. mosquensis), its western limit being the 

 east coast of Kuhn Island, in which A. concentrica, Keys., in five 

 varieties, connected by intermediate forms, occurs, associated with an 

 Ammonite (Perisphinctes Payeri, Toula) somewhat allied to A. invo- 

 lutus, Quenst., A. striolaris, Rein., Belemnites Panderianus i D'Orb., 



