76 CARL BOVALLIUS, AMPHIPODA HYPERIIDEA. I. 2. HYPERIID^E. 



The type for the genus Hyperia and thus also for the family Hyperiidae is the one 

 first described of all Hyperids, viz; »Pulex cancriforrais antennis brevissimis», of 

 Hans Strom, 1 ) from the year 1762. It was named »Cancer medusarum», by 0. F. 

 Muller 2 ) in 1776. The short diagnosis of Muller and the original drawing of Strom 

 were reproduced by subsequent authors; and in 1823 we find the generic name Hyperia 

 applied to it. The name was given by Latreille, but first published by Desmarest in 

 his vMalacostracees* in the »Dictionnaire des sciences naturelles», the 28:th volume, p. 347. 

 In 1830 H. Milne Edwards 3 ) ranged the whole of the then known Hyperids in the »Fa- 

 mille des Hyperines», which thus is a synonym for the name of the tribe »Amphipoda 

 Hyperiidea». Ten years later he 4 ) divided the family into three subdivisions, viz; 1, »Tribu 

 des Hyperines gammaro'ides», 2, »Tribu des Hyperines ordinaires», and 3, 

 "Tribu des Hyperines anormales». In the second of these divisions, »Hyperines 

 ordinaires», he quoted the genera, Hyperia, Latreille, Metoecus, Kroeyer, Phorcus, 

 H. Milne Edwards, Tyro, n. g., Primno, Guerin, Lestrigonus, H. Milne Edwards, Daira, 

 H. Milne Edwards, Themisto, Guerin, Anchylomera, H. Milne Edwards, Phrosina, Risso, 

 and Phronima, Latreille. 



In 1852 Dana, see the list of synonyms above, established the family Hyperidae 

 with three subfamilies including the following genera; the first subfamily »Vibilince», with 

 Vibilia, H. Milne Edwards; the second subfamily »Hyperinw», with Lestrigonus, Tyro, 

 Hyperia, Metoecus, Tauria, Dana, Cyllopus, Dana, Daira (== Dairinia or Dairilia, Dana) 

 and Cystisoma, Guerin; the third subfamily »Synopincer>, with Synopia, Dana. He had 

 thus removed from the Hyperidae, the Phronimids, the Anchylomerids, the Phorcids, 

 and erroneously the genus Themisto, which he placed in the family Phronimidce. In fact 

 he also removed Tyro, naming its representative »Clydoniat>, and wrongly regarding it as 

 belonging to the Corophids. He did not recognize the identity of Tyro and Clydonia. 

 Thus the limits of the Hyperidae were much restricted by Dana, but he committed an 

 error, when he introduced in the genus Daira, H. Milne Edwards, and thus in the family 

 Hyperidae, the new species Daira {Dairinia) debilis, D. depressa, and D. inwquipes; 

 they belong, as will be shown below, to the Lycaeids. 



Spence Bate in 1856 mentioned as British members of the family Hyperidae, the 

 genera Hyperia and Lestrigonus. A. Boeck in 1860 recorded the same genera from the 

 Norwegian coast. 



In 1862 Spence Bate regarded the following genera as belonging to the family Hy- 

 peridae, viz; Lestrigonus, Hyperia, Vibilia, Cyllopus, Tyro, Dairinia, Cystosoma, and 

 Themisto; he thus restituted Themisto to its proper place, but systematically he made a 

 step backwards by uniting the subfamily y>Vibilincey> with Hyperidae. 



A. Goes in 1865 quoted as arctic members of Hyperidae the genera Themisto and 

 Hyperia; and A. Boeck in 1870 as arctic and boreal ones Hyperia, Metoecus, Para- 



*) Hans Str0M. Physisk og oeconomisk Beskrivelse over Fogderiet S0ndm0i\ Vol. 1, p. 188. Soree, 

 1762, 4:o. 



2 ) O. F. Muller. Zoologiae Danicse Prodromus, p. 196. Copenhagen, 1876. 



3 ) H. Milne Edwards. »Extrait de Recherches pour servir a l'Histoire naturelle des Crustac6s amphi- 

 podes». Annales des Sciences Naturelles. Tome 20:me, p. 385. Paris, 1830. 



4 ) H. Milne Edwards. Histoire Naturelle des Crustaces Tome 3:me, p. 70 — 102. Paris, 1840. 



