GRIMMIACEAE, 179 
found on trees. The tufts are generally dense and robust, often tall, usually 
dark brown; the calyptra is large, brown, densely 
emergent only or r quite immersed, large, barrel-shaped, but when dry and 
empty somewhat contracted below the mouth so as to become urceolate. 
It is usually deeply ribbed, but may be only faintly so, or even quite smooth. 
The lid has a deep red border; the peristome is marked in having the 
outer teeth erect, not reflexed when dry. I have seen no ae of the 
processes in the present species, and in well-developed specimens I have 
pay; to find them; it is probable that they are waite eae or that 
in the case of the European O. rupestre they may be at times more or 
strongly incrassate. Stomata in the lower, middle, or upper part of the 
owes apparently indiscriminately. 
this and the following species are based by bisreae _ the pe 
ese Cara alone, but there is a character common t th by ae 
they differ very apart in the leaves from O. rupestre. ” The leaves are 
broad, rigid— cells being strongly incrassate—erect or erecto-patent 
and strict when os as in the European plant ; but, unlike that, they are 
more or = highl pillose, and enti 
The peristome character by which this species is separated by Venturi 
from its European ally consists in the fact that the teeth are densely 
papillose, instead of being, as in that, smooth, or only very faintly papillose. 
They may be pale or dark brown. The presence of the preperistome, wit 
the smoothness of the dorsal surface of the teeth, separates the following 
species from this 
I have a pla: however, collected by Mr. D. Petrie ge s Flat, 
Tuapeka County), which is very perplexing. It is one tuft out of three, 
third, in other respects similar, shows the outer teeth semi-translucen: t, 
covered with sparse, low, rather large papillae, ces of the dense, opaque 
covering of minute papillae of O. rupestriforme ; y show no trace of 
preperistome. I can only suppose that it is an al form of this 
sig but the ery marked pi oi from the type in the peristome, 
same respects in O. pepeicerlic ig aH d themselves to a certain 
a oom as to the constancy of the characters by which the two species 
d. 
O. rupestriforme appears to be widely spread and probably frequent in 
South Island, but I have not seen it from the h Island. Several 
wn’s gatherings specify the avneusiee to be calcareous, and 
R. 
it is probable that this is the normal habita 
12. Orthotrichum praeperistomatum Vent. in Rev. bryol., 1896, p. 67. 
This species differs from the last, so far as I have studied it, in only ' 
one respect, but that a very marked one—having the peristo tome-teeth not 
densely papillose, but smooth or nearly so, enced and sal Yaoi and 
thickenings on their dorsal surface consisting of ttered nodules aif a 
deeper orange, forming a2 very irregular but quite panini preperistome. 
