Vol. 69.] A PAL2GOLITHIC HUMAN SKULL IN SUSSEX. 123 



illustrates both of these classes of ' Eoliths.' Whether natural or 

 artificial, the fractures appear to have been largely governed by the 

 prismatic structure of the flint. Both the rolled and the unrolled 

 4 Eoliths ' are deeply stained and patinated, but the former to a 

 much greater extent than the latter. 



Conclusions. 



In conclusion, we may briefly consider the age of the human 

 skull and mandible. 



It is clear that this stratified gravel at Piltdown is of Pleistocene 

 age, but that it contains, in its lowest stratum, animal remains 

 derived from some destroyed Pliocene deposit probably situated 

 not far away, and consisting of worn and broken fragments. 

 These were mixed with fragments of early Pleistocene mammalia 

 in a better state of preservation, and both forms were associated 

 with the human skull and mandible, which show no more wear 

 and tear than they might have received in situ. Associated with 

 these animal remains are 'Eoliths,' both in a rolled and an unrolled 

 condition; the former are doubtless derived from an older drift, 

 and the latter in their present form are of the age of the existing 

 deposit. In the same bed, in only a very slightly higher stratum, 

 occurred a flint-implement (PI. XVI, fig. 2), the workmanship of 

 which resembles that of implements found at Chelles; and among 

 the spoil-heaps were found others of a similar, though perhaps 

 earlier, stage. 



From these facts it appears probable that the skull and 

 mandible cannot safely be described as being of earlier 

 date than the first half of the Pleistocene Epoch. The 

 individual probably lived during a warm cycle in that age. 



EXPLANATION OF PLATES XV-XVII. 



Plate XV. 



Flint-bearing gravel-bed overlying the Tunbridge Wells Sands (Hastings 

 Beds) at Piltdown, Fletching, Sussex. The darkest stratum resting on the 

 bed-rock in the section is that from which the skull and mandible were 

 obtained. 



Plate XVI. 



Fig. 1. Palaeolithic implement, well worked on one face (1) ; a simple flake on 

 the other face (1 a); twisted in edge-view (1 b) ; and thickest at 

 the broader end (1 c)._ Natural size. 



2. Palaeolithic implement, worked on one face (2) ; simply flaked on the 



other face (2 a); seen in edge-view (2 b) to be relatively thick at 

 the broader end, with remains of the flint-nodule from which it 

 was made. Natural size. 



3. Palaeolithic implement, showing much of the outer surface of the 



original flint-nodule on its well-flaked face (3); simply flaked on 

 the other face (3 a); and very unsy in metrical in basal view (3 b). 

 Half of the natural size. 



[All the above implements are iron-stained.] 



