124 dr. a. smith woodwaiid : descriptiox of [March 1913,. 



Plate XVII. 



Figs. 1-3. ' Eoliths ' of the bow-shaped and double-edged scraper type. 

 (Figs. 1 & 3 are rolled, fig. 2 is unrolled.) 

 4 & 5. Similar ' Eoliths ' (unrolled) from Fairlight, near Hastings. 

 6 & 7. 'Eoliths' of the drill or borer type. (Fig. 6 is rolled, fig. 7 is 



unrolled.) 

 8-10. ' Eoliths ' of the crescent-shaped scraper type. (Figs. 8 & 9 are 

 rolled, fig. 10 is unrolled.) 

 Fig. 11. ' Eolith ' (rolled), showing considerable chipping around its point. 

 [All the figures are of the natural size ; and all the flints 

 which they represent are deeply stained with iron.] 



II. Description op the IIijman Settle and Mandible and the 

 Associated Mammalian Remains. [A. S. W.] 



[Plates XVIII-XXL] 



The Human Skull and Mandible. 



The human remains comprise the greater part of a brain-case 

 and one ramus of the mandible, with lower molars 1 and 2. AIL 

 the bones are normal, with no traces of disease, and they have not 

 been distorted during mineralization. 



Of the brain-case there are four pieces (reconstructed from nine 

 fragments) sufficiently well preserved to exhibit the shape and 

 natural relations of the frontal, parietal, occipital, and temporal 

 bones, and to justify the reconstruction of some other elements by 

 inference. These bones are particularly noteworthy for their 

 thickness, and for the depth of the branching grooves which are 

 impressed on their cerebral face by the meningeal vessels. The 

 thickening is due to the great development of the finely cancellated 

 diploe, the outer and inner tables of the bone being everywhere 

 comparatively thin. The thickest point is at the internal occipital 

 protuberance, where the measurement is 20 millimetres. A thickness 

 of 11 or 12 mm. is attained at the postero-lateral angle of the 

 left parietal and at the horizontal ridges of the occipital ; while 

 a thickness of 10 mm. is observable along the greater part of 

 the fractures of the parietals and frontals. Compared with the 

 corresponding portion on the opposite side, the postero-lateral 

 region of the right parietal is rather thin, its thickness at the 

 lambdoid suture being 8 to 9 mm. It is interesting to add that 

 the average thickness of modern European skulls varies between 



5 and 6 mm. ; while that of the Australian skulls ] and of the 

 Mousterian skull from La Chapelle-aux-Saints (France) 2 is from 



6 to 8 mm. 



1 W. J. Sollas, Phil. Trans. Roy. Soc. vol. cxcixB (1908) p. ?>19. 



2 M.. Boule, 'L'llomme Fos.sile de La Chapelle-aux-Saints ' Ann. Paleont. 

 vol. vi (1911) p. 20. 



