Maximum length 



Maximum width 



Width at supraorbital ridge. 

 Width at constriction behind 



the supraorbital ridge 



Height, basion to vertex 



Do. basion to bregma ... 



Do. opisthion to vertex . 



Do. opisthion to bregma. 



Do. vertex to glabella- 

 inion line 



Do. bregma to the same . 



Do. vertex to glabella- 



lambda line 



Horizontal circumference (by 



glabella and inion) 



Cephalic index 



Bregmatic angle 



Cranial capacity 



Total length of sagittal curve 



Length of frontal (metopic) 



curve 



Do. of parietal curve.. 



Do. of occipital curve 



Do. from lambda to inion 



Do. from inion to opis 



thion 



Nearest approach of temporal 



fascia to mid-line . . . 

 Nearest approach of temporal 



muscle to mid-line . . . 

 Depth of temporal muscle 



above squamous suture 

 Maximum depth of squamous 



wing above auditory meatus 



190 1 190 

 150 144? 



125 



112 

 130 

 130 

 130 

 148 



90 

 84 



540 

 78 or 79 



50° 

 1070 c.c. 

 350to360: 



120tol30 

 120 

 110 



55°? 

 80 c.c. 



147 

 122 



80-5 

 76-5 



57 



590 

 73-9 



44° 

 1230 c.c 



133 

 119 



156 

 122 



109 

 131 



600 

 75 

 45-5° 



1626 c.c 

 357 



121 

 121 

 115 



200 

 140 

 114 



51 



580 



70 



46° 



1500 c. 



105 

 118 

 122 

 59 



198 

 150 

 117 



58 



540 

 7480 



47° 

 1650 c.c. 



120? 

 114 



190 

 126 

 107 



124 

 125 



1^2 

 140 

 110 



10O 

 143 

 140 



155 



100 



-o 



36 



518 520 



04 76-9 



48-30° 



1190 c.c. 



... i 370 



127 

 117 



Mandible. 



Height of coronoid 



Width of ascending ramus 



just below sigmoid notch . 

 Depth at m.2 



Do. at symphysis 



Thickness at m.2 



Do. at symphysis 



Length of m. 1 



Breadth of m. 1 



Length of m. 2 



Breadth of m.2 



Mandibular or goniac angle . 



! | 



Piltdown. ' Heidelberg. Spy I. 



45 



27 



15 



11-5 

 9-5 

 12 

 10 

 110° 



31-8 

 35 

 20 

 17-5 

 11-6 

 11-2 

 12-7 

 12 

 110° 



La 

 Ghapelle 



45? 

 31? 



Note. — Unless otherwise stated, the numerals denote millimetres. Measurements 

 of the fossil skulls cannot be made with great precision, and there are often dis- 

 crepancies between the results of different authors. For the Gibraltar and Austra- 

 lian skulls the figures are chiefly those of Prof. Sollas ; for Neanderthal those of 

 Dr. Schwalbe ; for La Chapelle those of Prof. Boule ; and for Spy chiefly those of 

 MM. Praipont and Lohest. Some of the measurements of the Australian skull 

 have been kindly taken by Mr. E. S. Goodrich, P.R.S. The estimates of cranial 

 capacity of the Gibraltar and Spy skulls are those of Prof. A. Keith. The measure- 

 ments of the Heidelberg mandible are by Dr. 0. Schoetensack. 



