424 DR. HANS SALFELD ON CERTAIN [Oct. 1913, 



(non Ammonites mutabilis auctt.) ; (4) Zone with AulaeostepJianus yo 

 d'Orb. sp. and A. contejeani Thurmann sp. ; (5) Zone with Aula- 

 costephanus pseudomutabilis de Loriol sp., A. eudoxus d'Orb. sp.,. 

 A. undorce Pavlov sp., A. subundorce Pavlov sp., etc., and Cardio- 

 ccrata which again have been described as Cardioceras alternans 

 von Buch sp., but belong neither to this species (or group) nor to 

 the group of C. Icitcliini sp. nov., but to a new group. 1 On the 

 Continent we conclude the Kirumeridge or Kimmeridgian with this 

 zone (5), following A. d'Orbigny's precedent ; for no doubt can exist 

 that the boundary with the Portlandian of that author falls above 

 the beds containing Ammonites eudoxus, A. pseudomutabilis, etc., 

 and below those yielding A. gravesianus d'Orb., etc. 



The Portland or Portlandian in the German and French sense- 

 comprises the following zones, in upward sequence: — (1) Zone 

 with Gravesia [gen. nov.] 2 gravesiana d'Orb. sp. and other species ; 

 (2) Zone with Gravesia irius d'Orb. sp. and other species ; (3) Zone 

 with Virgatites miatsclikoviensis Michalski sp. and other species ; 

 (4) Zone with Perisphinctes pallasianus d'Orb. sp. and other 

 species ; (5) Zone with Perisphinctes pectinatus Phillips sp. ; 



(6) a zone marked by a new, densely-ribbed Perisphinctes (P. east- 

 lecottensis sp. nov.) 3 from the Lydite Pebble-Ped at Swindon, 

 which was apparently confounded with P. pectinatus by Blake ; 



(7) Zone with Perisphinctes gorei sp. nov. ( = Ammonites biplex 

 de Loriol & Pellat 4 and A. biplex auctt. in part) ; (8) Zone with 

 Perisphinctes pseudogigas Blake sp., a species which stands very 

 near to P. giganteus J. Sow. sp. or P. bononiensis de Lor. sp., but 

 is much more inflated; (9) Zone in which Perisphinctes giganteus 

 J. Sow. sp. and P. bononiensis de Loriol sp. are found. 



With this zone (9) the Portland or Portlandian in A. d'Orbigny's 

 sense concludes. At a later time the formational designation 

 ' Portlandian ' was extended to include the Upper Volga Stage, the 

 three Craspedites Zones, which, according to the work of Prof. A. 

 Pavlov and others, must follow normally above Zone 9. 



So much for the zonal subdivisions ; let us now turn to the 

 individual sections in England. 



At the classic locality of Kimmeridge, which has given its name 

 to the Kimmeridge Clay and to the formation 'Kimmeridgian,' 

 the lowest subdivision seen in the flat anticline near the ' Life- 

 boat House ' consists of clays with Aidacostephanus eudoxus, 

 A. pseudomutabilis, etc., the fauna remaining unchanged up 

 to the ' supposed Maple Ledge.' Above this bed up to the 



i The monographic description of the genus Cardioceras will shortly appear 

 in 'Palseonlographica.' 



2 Gravesia, gen. nov. ; genotype Ammonites gravesianus d'Orbigny, ' Paleont. 

 franc.: Terr, jurass.' vol. i (1850) pi. ccxis. 



:! See p. 42k 



4 P. de Loriol & E. Pellat, ' Monographie paleont. & geol. des Etages 

 superieurs de la Formation Jurassique des Environs de Boulogne-sur-Mer ' 

 Mem. Soc. Phys. Hist. Nat. Geneve, vol. xxiii (1874) pi. ii, fig. 1. 



