act frorn LACKES IS LAPPONICUS of Linnaeus. Bi?n^ t 

 tlon by John Edward Smith, London, 1211. 2 vols. LinrtfL,« 3 ^ 8 ^" 

 a pedestrian tour of Lapland in 1732, when he was 2sW^ 

 and published tha account in Latin under the above title. 



voi.ii, p.2i:— - 



"July 19. I remarleed with astonishment how gre 



atly the 



reindeer are incommoded in hot weather, insomuoh that they'c 

 noi stand still a minute, no not a moment, without changing 

 their posture, starting, puffing and blowing contirmally, and 

 all on account of a little fly. Even though amongst a herd of 

 perhaps five hundred reindeer there were not above ten of tnse 

 flies, every one of the herd trewbled and kept pushing its 

 neighbor about. The fly rneanwhile was trying every rneans to 

 get at them; but it. no sooner touched any part of their bodies 



they made an immediate effort to shaice it off. in ne ' 

 respect this season ia pecuiiariy propitious to the inaeot 

 as the reindeer' s coat is now very thih, most of the hair of 

 last year's growth having fallen off. I caught one of these 



ts as it was flying along with its tail protruded, which 

 had at its extremity a srnall linear orifice, perfectiy white. 

 The tail itself consists of four or five tubulär joints, slip- 

 ping into eacn other like a pocket spying glass, which the fly 

 like others has'the power of contracting at pleasure. See 

 what i have already mentioned (voi,I.p.280) concerning the 

 gpots in the reindeer skins, as caused by this insect (Oestrus 

 tarandi )." 



Vol.i.r, . 280: 



"Concerning the spots or irnperfections in the skins of 

 reindeer, it is oertain that they äriginate in the perforations 



by insects, probably a species of Tabanus, through which 

 those insects introduce their eggs. When the young ones arrive 



turity, they oorae forth by the same passage, and the 

 wou8»d is closed by a scar." 



[Copied by J.M.Aldrich, in the Library of Congress, Washington 

 Feh. 20. 1920] 



