CONTENTS. 



Introduction 119 



Description 121 



The adult 121 



The egg 122 



The larva 123 



The pupa 125 



Life history - 126 



Natural enemies 128 



Parasites 128 



Other insect foes 128 



Birds 129 



Fungous enemies 130 



Eemedial and preventive measures 130 



Larvae of crane-flies as accidental inhabitants of man 131 



Bibliography 132 



ILLUSTRATIONS 



Fig. 60. The smoky crane-fly ( Tipula infuscata) : Adult female and details . . . 122 



61. The smoky crane-fly: Adult male and details 123 



62. The smoky crane-fly: Eggs 123 



63. The smoky crane-fly : Larva and details 124 



64. The smoky crane-fly: Pupa 125 



65. The smoky crane-fly: Positions assumed by adult in emerging from 



pupal case 127 



66. Admontia pergandei, a parasite of Tipula infuscata 128 



in 



