Genus of Tipulidee from Turkestan. 579 



wing-veins in Diptera. Enderlein's description is quite 

 correct. It is true that Osten-Sacken set forth as one of the 

 principal differences between the Tipulinse and the Limno- 

 biinse that in the Tipulinse the first longitudinal vein is 

 incurved towards the second and ending in it, and that an 

 oblique cross-vein connects the first vein, a little back of the 

 tip, with the costa; whereas in the Limnobiinse the first 

 longitudinal vein ends in the costa, united with the second 

 vein by a cross-vein (often wanting). This difference is, 

 however, entirely imaginary. What Osten-Sacken regarded 

 as an oblique cross-vein connecting the radial vein witli the 

 costa (Brunetti's " costal cross-vein") is simply the end of 

 the radial vein, and what Osten-Sacken called the end of that 

 vein is the radial cross-vein, which in the Tipulinse usually 

 takes a more longitudinal position owing to the short strongly 

 reflected R 2 . Why should these veins be quite differently 

 named in the Tipulinse than in the Limnobiinse, as they 

 occupy the same mutual position and as the wrongly so- 

 called " costal cross-vein " often is a straight continuation of 

 of R x ? That Osten-Sacken ever could advance his idea 

 about " the cells round the stigma" will always remain a 

 curious fact, but not even Loew accepted his theory and it 

 is now only of historical interest. 



3. In his diagnosis of the genus Macromastix, O.-S., 

 Enderlein (Zool. Jahrb. 1912, p. 13) says that the antennae 

 are " stark verlangetft " in the males. There are, however, 

 many species of this genus having very short antennae in 

 both sexes. 



4. In the description of the genus Pehlkea, Enderlein 

 (I. c. p. 15) says that it belongs to the Tipulinse, although 

 Sc ends in the costa. I think it doubtless belongs there, and, 

 judging from the figure, the venation is quite normal. Sc does 

 not end in the costa, but in Ri at the very point from where 

 R x turns upward to the costa ; the radial cross-vein is also at its 

 usual place. What Enderlein designated as R t is R 2 , and his 

 R2+3 is R 3 . 



5. It is impossible to understand why Enderlein (I. c. 

 p. 30) has placed his new genus Tipulodina in the Pediciina 

 of the Limnobiinse. It belongs to the Tipulinse, and is very 

 closely allied to Pachyrhina. The venation is quite normal. 

 Sc ends in R x and emits a short adventitious cross-vein to 

 the costa a little before its tip, quite as in many individuals 

 of the genus Pachyrhina. The radial sector is not longer 

 than the stigma — one of the best characters of Pachyrhina. 

 The antennal joints are shaped as in Pachyrhina. Too much 

 weight must not be attached to the shortness of the last joint 



