Genus of Tipvdidse from Turkestan. 581 



9. The Indian Gonomyia incompleta, Brum, and flavo- 

 marginata, Brun., and the African Atarba lamellar is, Speis., 

 belong to the genus Liponeura, Skuse, which is distinct 

 from Atarba, O.-S. Of the five American species placed by- 

 Alexander (Ent. News, 1912, p. 418) in Liponeura, which 

 he considers a subgenus of Gonomyia, four doubtless belong 

 there ; but, although I have not seen the " more extensive 

 discussion of the genus published elsewhere," o£ which 

 Alexander speaks, I venture to express some doubt whether 

 Gonomyia manca, O.-S., really is congeneric with the others. 

 Osten-Sacken says in his description : " the venation is 

 precisely like that of G. sulphur ella, except that the posterior 

 branch of the second longitudinal vein is obliterated ; thus 

 the second longitudinal vein, shortly before its tip, takes 

 a sudden turn towards the anterior margin, in consequence 

 of which the submarginal cell is trumpet-shaped" This 

 description is evidently correct, although Osten-Sacken later 

 (Berl. ent. Z. 1887, p. 165 and 202), by some mistake, stated 

 that the anterior branch of the second vein is obliterated in 

 G. manca — a statement in which he was followed by Brunetti. 

 It was clearly owing to this sudden turn of the second vein 

 that Osten-Sacken could recognize a Gonomyia in his insect, 

 and any Gonomyia with R 3 (the posterior branch of the 

 " second " vein) obliterated could be recognized by the fact 

 that R 2 nas retained its original shape and position with the 

 apex suddenly upturned, forming an angle with the basal 

 part of B 2 a "d ending a little in front of the apex of R x . In 

 Liponeura the vein R2+3 is almost perfectly straight or gently 

 and slightly curved, and the apical part does not form an 

 angle with the basal part, and ends somewhat farther from 

 the tip of R l5 thus occupying a position intermediate between 

 R 2 and B 3 in the typical Gonomyice. The difference may 

 seem to be of little importance ; but it indicates that the 

 disappearance of the first submarginal cell of the old nomen- 

 clature in Gonomyia manca is due to a simple obliteration 

 of R 3 , whereas in Liponeura it is due to an actual fusion of 

 R 2 and R 3 , of the same kind that has taken place in all 

 Limnobiina and Rhamphidiina. I therefore think that 

 Gonomyia manca is a true Gonomyia, for which not even a 

 subgenus is necessary ; whereas Liponeura should hold the 

 position assigned to it by Skuse as a distinct genus of the 

 Rhamphidiina near Atarba, O.-S., the latter genus now being 

 restricted to its type, A. picticornis, O.-S., and the Indian 

 A. flava, Brun., which is clearly congeneric. This opinion 

 is strengthened by the different structure of the male pro- 



