32 



J. PPvESTWICH ON THE QUATERNARY PHENOMENA 



It was in the lower part of this deposit that the mammalian 

 remains were found. I am informed that they were extremely 

 numerous, and that a very large number of teeth of elephant were 

 obtained at the time ; but, with the exception of the few specimens 

 preserved by Capt. Clifton, and the specimens sent to the Geological 

 Society, I have been unable to trace any of them. They are, with few 

 exceptions, in a very fragmentary state. Mr. Busk, who has had the 

 kindness to examine them, reports that 



" They include a well-marked molar of Elephas antiquus and frag- 

 ments apparently of a large molar of E. primigenius. 



" The remainder appear to belong to the horse (fig. 1), and, from 

 the pattern of the teeth, of the ancient form termed Equus fossilis by 

 Owen (Br. Foss. Mamm. p. 383), characterized by the somewhat 

 greater plication of the enamel folds — a distinction perhaps of no 

 very great importance, but showing a tendency towards the still 

 more complicated pattern of Eq. plicidens, probably another form, 

 from the Oreston fissures. 



" In his account of the Bruniquel cave, Professor Owen calls a very 

 similar form Eq. spelceus. 



" The third figure of the three (fig. 1, c) very closely represents 

 that shown in fig. 7. pi. 57 of the Bruniquel memoir. 



Eig. 1. — Teeth of Horse (Equus fossilis?). 



a, b. 



Upper molars. 



c. Lower molar. 



fi In condition all the bones appear to be of extreme antiquity ; 

 and they are more abundantly infiltrated and coated with oxide of 

 manganese than any I remember to have seen." 



Besides some species which cannot be determined, the list consists 

 of:— 



Slephas antiquus. 



Equus spelaeus ? 



Elephas primigenius ? 



Cervus. 



Equus fossilis ? 



Bos. 



The pebbles and mammalian remains were confined to the small 

 area before named in the Admiralty quarries ; but the red loam may 

 be traced from the tank in the Verne, at a height of 450 feet, to the 

 old quarry opposite the new prison church, where it is at a level of 

 360 feet — a distance of five sixths of a mile. I could not find a 



