EDEN VALLEY AND YORKSHIRE -DALE DISTRICT. 



87 



dropping of masses of coarse gravel into the soft beds of sand and 

 loam beneath, so that the line of junction between the two deposits 



Fig. 8 — Section in the Settle and Carlisle Railway -cutting at 

 Longwaihby. 





-'o> 







Gutta-percha clays and fine sand false-bedded in lower till. Length 3 ft. 

 Pig. 9. — Section on the Settle and Carlisle Railway , near Longwaihby . 



Contorted seam of loam in sand and gravel, unconf ormahly overlain by 

 coarser gravel. Horizontal length 6 ft. 



of sand and gravel is very irregular (fig. 9). The false bedding is 

 very marked in both these deposits ; and the sheets of very clayey 

 loam that occur seem, in a few instances, to follow the planes of 

 false bedding, proving that they were originally thrown down on a 

 slope. 



No section occurs nearer than about another mile to the north, 

 near Little Salkeld, where there is a considerable thickness of alter- 

 nations of gravels, beds of sand with occasional seams of loam, and 

 thin partings of finely laminated clays without stones. Some of the 

 clays are clearly disturbed where heaps of gravel have been thrown 

 down upon them ; but in other parts of the section that are appa- 

 rently undisturbed, beds of obliquely laminated sands have partings 

 of tough gutta-percha clays between the lamination-planes. The 

 stones in the gravel are nearly all well washed and rounded ; but 

 an occasional one may be found retaining traces of striae. At the 

 northern end of this cutting maroon clays, like those at Longwathby, 

 come up from beneath the sands and gravels. The clays alternate 

 with lenticular patches of water-worn gravel, courses of sand, and 



