y<5 J. G. GOODCHILD ON THE GLACIAL PHENOMENA OF THE 



have flowed very nearly along the present course of the stream at 

 the bottom of the valley ; so that the deposition of drift over the 

 ridge intervening between the two dales went on in many cases un- 

 interruptedly from the first melting of the ice until it was all gone, 

 while at lower levels the stream would be continually transporting 

 the drift -materials towards the end of the dale as fast as they melted 

 out of the ice. 



There is one more point to which it will be well to call attention, 

 although it relates to a district far from that which is here treated 

 of. There has been some difficulty in accounting for the absence of 

 much drift on the eastern slopes of the Pennine chain at some dis- 

 tance to the south of the Dale district. May not this be due to the 

 fact that on the eastern side of England there was no great centre 

 of ice-dispersal in the relative position of the Lake district, the 

 general form of which caused the Dale -district ice to be pressed 

 close up to the western side of the Pennine chain ? It is far from 

 unlikely that the crescentic group of high fells ranging from High 

 Seat to the south of Coniston Old Man caused a south-easterly 

 current to flow at a high level over the low ground between Kendal 

 and Kirkby Lonsdale. Such a current could hardly have been 

 without its influence upon the course taken by the upper parts of 

 the Dale-district ice, and it must have helped very materially to 

 keep them pressed against the western side of the Pennine chain. 

 On the eastern side there is no evidence of any such current ; and 

 the ice there, instead of flowing close to the high ground as it did 

 on the west, seems to have gone away steadily in a south-easterly 

 direction towards the North Sea. 



Conclusion. 



The principal conclusions, therefore, which have been drawn from 

 the facts detailed in the foregoing pages are the following : — 



The whole of the district treated of in the paper was once enve- 

 loped in a part of the great ice sheet whose existence in adjoining 

 districts has been demonstrated by Messrs. Tiddeman and Ward. 



There seems evidence to prove that the upper limit of this part of 

 the ice sheet stood somewhere between 2200 and 2400 feet above 

 the present sea-level, at the points where the ice sheet attained its 

 greatest thickness. 



A line of ice sheet extended nearly along the present watershed 

 of the Lake district to the highest ground in the Yorkshire dales. 

 To the south of this line the ice at high levels flowed straight away 

 over the fells into Lancashire and West Yorkshire ; while that to 

 the north, after flowing a short distance into the Eden valley, was 

 turned to the east, and compelled to flow over Stainmoor towards 

 the North Sea. 



Some evidence has been given to prove that few even of the 

 smaller valleys could have been the work of ice, but that, on the 

 contrary, the ice seems to have tended rather to level the minor in- 

 equalities of the surface, and thus to efface the smaller valleys. 



