SOUTHERN PART OF THE LAKE-DISTRICT. 153 



each furnished a large glacier (figs. 2 & 3 ? PL VII. A). After their 

 junction, between Yewbarrow (43) and Lingmell (47), it seems that 

 part of the S.E. side of the compound glacier was pushed over the 

 low col (971 feet) towards Burnmoor Tarn to join the Eskdale 

 valley and glacier (fig. 4). Just beyond the foot of Yewbarrow (43) 

 a very considerable body of ice joined the main glacier from the 

 wide stretch of upland country known as High Pell. This must 

 have much more than made up for the loss of ice just noticed 

 towards Eskdale ; and although the valley widens from this point, 

 it would seem probable that the level of the ice was fully 1500 feet 

 above the present surface of the lake (204 feet above sea-level), only 

 quite the summit of the Screes appearing above the ice, and Buck- 

 barrow (41) and the south-westward slopes of Seatallan (40) being 

 covered up (figs. 7 & 9). Westwards the valley opens out consider- 

 ably ; and this great thickness of ice must have spread in proportion, 

 though as it must have met with similar ice-sheets from neigh- 

 bouring valleys, the thickness of the ice over the low country was 

 probably pretty well maintained. 



b. Langdale, Easdale, Sfc. — Upon the eastern side of Bow Fell 

 (51) lies Great Langdale, a fine rocky-sided valley trending eastwards 

 towards the head of Windermere, and divided at its upper part into 

 the two branches forming Mickleden and Oxendale. Glacial scratches 

 occur not only pointing down the valley-sides at heights ranging up 

 to nearly 2500 feet, but in several cases along the valley-sides at 

 various heights up to 1500 feet, as on Mart Crag (east of Stake 

 Pass), and below the Pike of Stickle (53). Erom Sergeant Man 

 (55), Pavey Ark (above Stickle Tarn), and Harrison Stickle (53), 

 the glacial grooves run S.E. towards Great Langdale. East of 

 Sergeant Man (55) their course is, from Codale Tarn, eastwards 

 down Easdale, S.E. down Ear Easdale and the Greenburn valley*, 

 and S.S.E. along the valley of the Rothay above Grasmere. The 

 high ridge which separates Great Langdale from Easdale is crossed 

 obliquely from the N.W. by scratches, occurring up to a height of 

 1500 feetf ; and through the Blea-Tarn pass, and over Lingmoor 

 and Blake Bigg, a well-marked series of grooves occur running 

 S.E. into Little Langdale. 



This distribution of ice-marks clearly shows that all that group 

 of mountains, draining eastwards, from Wrynose along the Bow- 

 Fell range (51) to the Langdale Pikes (53) and Sergeant Man (55), 

 and sonth-eastwards and southwards from Sergeant Man to Dun- 

 mail BaiseJ, furnished one great series of glaciers, confluent over 

 the lower parts of the ridges parting valley from valley (PI. VII. B, 

 figs. 13 & 14). Thus, when Easdale, Far Easdale, and the Bothay 

 valley were rilled with glacier ice, the western portion of these 

 confluent streams was pushed over Blea Eigg (56) and Dow Bank. 



* Noticed also by Mr. Mackintosh, ' Quart. Journ. Geol. Soc.' vol. xxx. p. 174. 

 The ice-rounding may be observed at higher elevations along this ridge ; but the 

 coarse breccia does not retain the scratches. 



f The two valleys north of Easdale. 



J In map of northern part of the district. . 



