NEWLY EXPOSED SECTIONS AT BEADING. 453 



above. Nor was the blue clay noticed by Mr. Whitaker at the 

 Castle Kiln above mentioned. 



In the yellow sands of Sections Nos. 3 and 2 (PI. XXII. fig. 4), 

 however, on the same horizon as that of the plant-bearing clays in Sec- 

 tion No. 4, some irregular thin seams of bluish tough clay with nume- 

 rous scattered blue clay -galls, at least one subangular green-coated flint, 

 and some lines of broken lignite appear to take the place of the dis- 

 continued strata ; and in another section (No. 1) 24 yards to the 

 west of Section No. 2, and 69 yards W. of No. 4, there were still no 

 indications of the missing clay-beds, except a thin seam of grey clay 

 and clay-galls, with a pebble of black siliceous schist, or lydite, and 

 some subangular grey Chalk-flints. This seam is similar in relative 

 position and appearance to that in Section No. 2 ; but it is at a 

 somewhat higher level, owing to its eastward dip of about 3°. 



At Section No. 6, facing north, in a corner of the pit and 70 yards 

 north of Section No. 1, some thin seams of clay and clay-galls come 

 up in the sands (which are here lighter in colour) to within 5 feet 

 of the surface, and, by their relative position and easterly dip, are 

 evidently connected with the set of similar seams in Sections Nos. 1 

 and 2. In Section No. 6, however, the sands are disturbed by a 

 fault, and some Mottled Clay is let down. The buff and grey sands 

 come in again on the other side, Section No. 7, in fig. 4. 



In Section No. 5 the Buff Sands lying below the Mottled Clay and 

 on the grey shale have a local feature of considerable interest. Just 

 where they happened to be attenuated by the slope of the valley, 

 namely for the 25 yards between the disappearance of the Mottled 

 Clay above and the exposure of the grey shale beneath, they contain 

 numerous clay-galls of large size, some 18 inches in diameter. Some 

 are mottled, and the majority are grey in colour ; but many are fer- 

 ruginous and hard from change, and somewhat septarian. Ferrugi- 

 nous nodules of a similar nature occur, in far less abundance, in the 

 same sand (but greenish) in Wheeler's pit, on the south side of the 

 hill*. In Collier's pit some of the galls above mentioned consist of 

 grey sandy clay ; others of tough, light-brown clay with some sand ; 

 and others of dense dark- brown clay. They often contain chalk- 

 flints, rolled and subangular, of various sizes, with flint, grit, 

 and quartz sand. Some of the lowest of these nodules, nearest 

 to the shale below, are much changed, consisting only of limonite 

 crusts and ochreous cores. These nodules occur in large numbers in 

 the excavations over the blue shale for at least 45 yards beyond the 

 eastern margin of the pit ; and one at least was found low down 

 in the grey and buff sands of Section No. 6, on the same horizon, 

 100 yards distant to the west. 



The false-bedded quartzose sands, in which both the above-men- 

 tioned regular shales and the derived clays and clay-galls occur, vary 

 from white and grey to buff and ochreous in these sections, as else- 

 where ; and their surface has a slope of nearly 5° to the S.E. by E. 

 (magnetic), almost reaching the top of the ground in Section No. 6, 



* The ochreous nodules, yielding an excellent pigment, referred to by Mr. 

 Eolfe, op. cit. p. 127, are probably the same as these. 



