188 BKITISH LEPIDOPTERA. 



colour. In the first part of the mine, the excrement runs through as 

 a very fine continuous lina, hardly pale margined at the sides. In the 

 next portion, the excremental line is broader, and often interrupted, 

 but still always forms a dense mass, and on each side a faint narrow 

 light space is perceptible ; in the last portion, the mine expands, and 

 the excrement is thinner, more scattered, but still only occupies the 

 centre of the mine, leaving a considerable space on each side. Frey 

 describes the mine as " Massig geschlangelt, ziemlich unregelmassig 

 gestaltet, liegt bald am Rande, bald in der Mitte des Blattes. Sie beginnt 

 sehr fein mit einigen starken Windungen und wird dann nach unten 

 bis 1|'" breit. Der Koth liegt in zusammenhangender Reihe als 

 braunschwarzer Streifen. Unterwarts bleiben die Seitentheile des 

 Ganges leer, welche an der frischen Mine weissgriin, spater gelblich 

 braun erscheinen " "(Die Tineen, etc., p. 371). 



Larva. — Length 2 lines ; rich yellow in colour, shining, dorsal 

 vessel reddish ; the head and the two posterior lobes, which show 

 through the upper surface of the second segment, pale reddish-brown 

 (Stainton). It is this larva that is referred to by Stainton (Zool., 

 1853, p. 3959) as the " dark-coloured larva of the oak." 



Cocoon. — The cocoon is rather flattened, oblong-oval, and dull 

 reddish-orange in colour. One end is rather broader than the other, 

 and from this the pupa protrudes its anterior segments before the 

 emergence of the imago (Stainton). Frey writes : " Der Cocon ist 

 ein unregelmassiges Oval von einer ziemlichen Abflachung und hoch 

 rothbraun, vielleicht etwas weniger dunkel als derjenige der vorherge- 

 henden Art (atricapitella)." 



Food-plants. — Quercus robur and Q. pedunculata. Q, suber 

 (Milliere). 



Time of appearance. — The species is double- (or partially double-) 

 brooded, the imagines appearing in May, and again in August, the 

 former brood being by far the more abundant. The larvaa of these 

 broods may be found in October-November, and July respectively. 

 Frey gives it as distinctly double-brooded in Switzerland. Renter 

 captured it on May 13th, 1886, on the I. of Aland. Stainton's 

 specimens were bred as follows : February 27th, 1852 ; April 1st, 18th, 

 27th (from dark larva), May 1st. (from pale larva), July 28th (from 

 large larva), August 11th, 16th, 1853 ; March 29th, April 21st, 1854 ; 

 May 2nd, 8th, 1855 ; April 4th, 1859, all from Deckenham and 

 Lewisham ; imagines captured May 16th, 1852, at Lewisham, and 

 May 17th-20th, 1851, and June 2nd, 1852, at Beckenham. Atmore 

 notes the species, May 15th, 1898, at King's Lynn. 



Localities. — Berks : .Reading (Hamni). Cambridge : Cambridge (Warren). 

 Cheshire: Bowdon (Edleston), Bromborough to Eastham (Gregson). Derby: 

 Burton (Sang). Dorset: Weymouth (Bichardson), Bloxworth (Cambridge), Glan- 

 villes Wootton (Dale). Durham: Darlington (Stainton). Gloucester: Bristol 

 (Stainton). Hereford: Tarrington (Wood). Kent: Lewisham and Beckenham 

 (Stainton), Eltham (Bower), West Wickham (Bankes), Chattenden (Tutt). Lanca- 

 shire : Manchester (Stainton), Preston (Threlfall). Lincoln : woods nr. Alford 

 (Fletcher). Norfolk: Norwich (Barrett), King's Lynn, common (Atmore). North- 

 umberland: -Newcastle (Stainton). Suffolk: Tuddenham (Warren). Surrey : 

 Haslemere (Barrett). Sussex : Lewes (Stainton), Goring Woods, etc., abundant in 

 oak woods throughout Sussex (Fletcher), Guestling (Bloomfield). Westmorland : 

 Windermere (Hodgkinson). Yorkshire: Scarborough (Stainton), York (Hind), 

 Bichmond (Sang) ; generally distributed and common (Porritt) ; generally dis- 

 tributed in Doncaster district, and common (Corbett). 



