206 



BRITISH LEPIDOPTERA. 



of Saturnia pavonia, Eriofjaster lanestris, etc. So far as the state- 

 ment and the single cocoon on the leaf are in actual agreement, 

 the evidence supports the view of its being the " red-headed " species. 

 De Geer describes the imago as " being of grey colour and shining, 

 the wings furnished with a broad fringe of hairs, the antennae fili- 

 form, and the legs long." This is of no service whatever to us. In 

 1774, Goze copied {Naturforsclier, iv., pp. 1-16) De Geer's observations, 

 but added nothing new. In 1781 Goze again described [Ibid., xv., pp. 

 37-48, pi. ii., figs. 1-2,8-12) the species in more detail. Onp. 46 we read: 

 " Kopf, a, ganz buschicht, voll kleiner keulenformiger Haare," etc. 

 The fore-wings are described as " braun mattgoldgelb." The colour of 

 the head is not mentioned, but the " very bushy " or " fuzzy " applies 

 much better to the "red-headed" than to the black-headed form. 

 His larva?, too, were found on garden roses as well as Rosa canina. 

 Altogether one cannot doubt that Goze and De Geer had the same 

 species under their notice when describing, viz., the one so common in 

 gardens and hedges, and which De Geer's description satisfies us, was 

 the " red-headed," and not the " black-headed " species. In 1783, 

 Goze \_Ent. Beytr. {L.S.N., xii.), hi. (4), 168-9, No. 290] gave the 

 name Phalaena Tinea anomalella to the species which he had described 

 in the Naturforsclier, xv., omitting reference to Naturf., iv.,but citing 

 De Geer. In none of the authors, to which we have access, is there a 

 description of a mine like those sent to us by Fletcher, as those of 

 the "black-headed" species in Rosa arvensis. In none is a point 

 made of the " black " head, almost all mention the head as " red," 

 and add " or black " in brackets, as if obtained incidentally, pro- 

 bably in the case of Frey, Sorhagen, and others, direct from Stainton. 

 The note (already quoted) of the latter on this point shows his doubt, 

 and his series includes individuals captured wild. The differentiation 

 of the " black-headed " form from the " red-headed " has never yet 

 been worked out, and hence the geographical distribution of the 

 former is practically unknown, both in this country and abroad. 

 Snellen, however, writes [Vlinders Ned. Micro., 982 (1882)] that "the 

 headhairs of N. anomalella are bright rust-yellow, brown, or black, 

 without signifying a sexual difference." This confirms Fletcher as to 

 the sexes being $ and 2 black, and $ and $ red. Bower also 

 states that he has bred only the " red-headed " form from R. canina and 

 different varieties of garden rose. 



NEPTICULA ANOMALELLA, G6ze. 



Synonymy. — Species: Anomalella, Goze, "Beitr.," iii., 4, p. 168, no. 280 

 (1783) ; Sta., " Ins. Brit.," p. 297 (1854) ; " Nat. Hist. Tin.," i., p. 54, pi. i., fig. 2 

 (1855); "Man.,"ii., p. 432 (1859); H.-Sch., " Sys. Bearb.," v., p. 349 (1855) ; 

 Frey, "Die Tineen," etc., p. 375 (1856) ; " Linn. Ent.," xi., p. 379 (1857) ; Staud. 

 and Wocke, " Cat.," p. 336 (1871); Nolcken, "Lep. Fn. Est.," p. 759 (1871); 

 "Wallngrn., " Bihang Vet.-Ak. Handl.," iii., p. 80 (1875) ; " Ent. Tids.," ii., p. 126 

 (1881) ; Hein. and Wocke, " Schmett. Deutsch.," p. 733 (1877) ; Sand, " Cat. Lep. 

 Auv.," p. 200 (1879) ; Peyer., " Cat. Lep. Als.," 2nd Ed., ii., p. 165 (1882); Snellen. 

 •' De Vlinders," etc., ii., p. 982 (1882); Mill., "Nat. Sic," v., p. 204 (1886); 

 Sorhagen, "Die Kleinschmett. Brandbg.," p. 302 (1886); Wlsm., "Ent. Mo. 

 Mag.," xxvii., p. 152 (1891) ; Meyrick, " Handbook," etc., p. 715 (1895). Grisea- 

 ro.iea, Retz., " Gen. et. Spec. Ins.," 55, 170 (1783). Rosella. Schrank, " Fn. 

 Boica," ii., p. 139, no. 1890 (1802). Ruficapiiella, Lewis, "Ent. Mag.," i., p. 422. 

 Anomala, Cur6, " Atti della Soc. Nat. Modena," xvi. (1883). 



Original description. — 290. Anomalella, der Hautfuss (De Geer, 



