NEPTICULA CENTIFOLIELLA. 269 



Time of appearance. — The species is double-brooded, the imagines 

 appearing in April-May, and again at the end of July, from larvas 

 that feed up in October, and at the end of June. Mann says that it 

 flies at Brussa in May ; Hodgkinson records breeding imagines early 

 in May, 1884, from mines obtained the previous October, at Leyland. 

 Imagines on April 23rd, 1866, and June 7th, 1869, at Cheshunt 

 (Boyd). Threlfall bred imagines on April 12th, 1881, from larva? 

 obtained at Ashton Park, from September 18th-October 14th, 1880. 



Localities. — Cambeidge : Cambridge (Farren). Dorset : Portland (Richard- 

 son), Bloxworth (Cambridge), Purbeck (Digby). Herts: Cheshunt (Boyd). 

 Lancashire : Ashton Park, nr. Preston (Threlfall), Leyland (Hodgkinson). 

 Sussex : downs nr. Worthing and Seaford (Fletcher). 



Distribution. — Mann records the species from Brussa, in Asia 

 Minor. The European localities are — Austria : Vienna (Herrich- 

 Schaffer). France : Nohaut (Sand). Germany : generally distributed, 

 Stettin, Hamburg, etc. (Sorhagen), Frankfort-on-the-Main (Heyden), 

 Berlin (Bouche), Ratisbon (Hoffmann), Breslau (Heinemann and 

 Wocke), Alsace (Peyerimhoff). 



nepticula hodgkinsoni, Stainton (? var. praec. sp.). 



Synonymy. — Species : Hodgkinsoni, Sta., " Ent. Mo. Mag.," xxi., p. 103 (1884) ; 

 Meyr., "Handbook," etc., pp. 719-720. 



Original description. — Exp. alar. 2J-3 lines. Tuft of the head 

 black. Anterior wings, with the entire basal portion, rich golden- 

 brown (with no tinge of purple before the fascia) ; the fascia placed 

 beyond the middle, nearly perpendicular, bright pale golden ; beyond 

 the fascia the apical portion is deep purple with the cilia grey. There 

 are two specimens exactly alike, which both appear to be males. The 

 third specimen is a female, and has the basal portion of the anterior 

 wings paler, more bronzy ; the fascia has more of a silvery lustre, 

 and is rather obliquely placed (Stainton, Ent. Mo. Mac/., xxi., p. 103). 



Note on Nepticula hodgkinsoni and N. centifoliella. — N. centi- 

 foliella and A r . hodgkinsoni are another pair of more or less doubtful 

 species. Fletcher writes, in answer to a query of ours : " The mine 

 in Rosa spinosissima (E.M.M., xxi., p. 103), I now refer to N. centi- 

 foliella. It is the same species as I bred from the small flowered 

 sweet-briar (R. rubiginosa subsp. micrantha), nr. Worthing, and from 

 R. spinosissima, nr. Seaford. I am not, however, fully convinced that 

 N. hodgkinsoni is distinct from this species. The Portland species 

 from " sweet-briar " has been identified as N. centifoliella. Many 

 of the latter have the head bright "ferruginous," some black (Nat. 

 Hist. Tin., vii., p. 208). Most of my examples from Sussex have heads 

 " black," rarely "blackish-fuscous." 



Larva.— Yellow (Threlfall). 



Time of appearance. — Bred in June, 1884, from larvae found 

 mining in the leaves of roses the previous autumn. Threlfall bred 

 imagines on May 20th, 1881, from larva? taken at Preston, August 

 20th, 1880. 



Food-plant. — Bred from ordinary-sized rose leaves, thus not to be 

 mistaken for the leaves of R. spinosissima, which, moreover, does 

 not grow at Leyland (Stainton). 



Localities. — Lancashire : Leyland, nr. Preston (Hodgkinson). 



nepticula betulicola, Stainton. 

 Synonymy. — Species: Betulicola, Sta., " Ent. Ann.," 1856, p. 42 ; "Man.," ii., 

 p. 436 (1859) ; Frey, " Die Tineen," etc., p. 387 (1856) ; " Linn. Ent.," xi., p. 424 (1857); 



