380 BRITISH LEPIDOPTErA. 



of the mature larva. The same observer describes the full-grown 

 larva, when fully-stretched out, as about half-an-inch long, and a 

 quarter of an inch across the middle of the body, whence it tapers 

 towards each end, but, in repose, its length does not exceed three- 

 eighths of an inch, as the head and prothorax are then entirely 

 retracted, so that the front part of the body appears but little tapered. 

 The head is very small, and rather flattened (as in the larvae of the 

 Lycaenidae). The anal extremity is rounded, and, viewed sideways, 

 the back appears somewhat arched, and the ventral surface is in close 

 contact with the leaf on which it rests. The segments are only 

 marked by narrow dimpled depressions. There are also minute circular 

 dimples on the back, one in the centre of the front of each segment, 

 and two at the back in the subdorsal region. This region, being a little 

 raised on each side, forms a slight dorsal hollow. The head is smooth 

 and shining, the back and sides rather so, though the skin there is 

 covered with pubescence, which is, however, so fine as to be seen only 

 with a powerful lens. It is noticeable that the dimpled spots were for 

 the most part paler than the rest, and that a few short and very 

 minute bristles are scattered at each extremity, and at intervals along the 

 back. The ground-colour is of a pale yellowish-green, watery-looking 

 along the sides, fading into somewhat of a pale flesh tint beneath. On the 

 back, beginning at the front of the mesothorax, is a broad olive-brown 

 mark, reminding one of the dark saddle on the larva of Centra vinida. 

 This mark lessens a little in breadth on the 1st abdominal segment, and 

 then grows broader on the following one, attaining its greatest breadth 

 on the 3rd and 4th abdominal segments, where it reaches low down 

 on the sides. It begins to decrease again on the 5th abdominal, 

 and gradually narrows to the anal tip. The olive-brown tint is 

 darkest on the meso- and metathorax, and there is throughout an 

 outline of darker brown. This is further relieved below by a pale, 

 sulphur-yellow border, which enlarges to a spot on the side of the 

 1st abdominal segment, with smaller spots on the metathorax and 

 2nd abdominal. The prothorax is pale yellowish-green. The 

 head is also yellowish -green, with a slight tinge of brown, the mouth 

 edged above and on each side with dark brown. The papillae are 

 yellowish -green. The dorsal vessel, dark brown in colour, can be seen 

 through the olive colour on the back as far as the end of the 6th 

 abdominal segment. The ventral surface is almost colourless, with a 

 clear, pellucid, jelly-like appearance. Fenn gives the measurements 

 of the adult larva as half an inch long by one quarter broad. He 

 describes it as onisciform, slightly tapering behind, and says that 

 the dorsal surface is raised into a ridge, with the sides slightly 

 indented, and the under surface much flattened. The dark dorsal 

 mark is described as a large diamond-shaped red marking, the lateral 

 angles of which reach to the spiracles, and are prolonged in front as a 

 broad, red-brown band towards the head, these dorsal markings 

 combining to form a spear-head mark with the apex or point behind, 

 the edges being darker red. 



Larval spines. — The newly-hatched larva appears to be very 

 similar to that of C. avellana (testudo). The spines appear to be in 

 precisely the same position as in that species, i.e., a double dorsal row 

 with the alternate members absent, and a lateral series, with a more 

 complicated arrangement on the thoracic segments. Possessing a 



