448 BRITISH LEPIDOPTERA. 



identical with, var. vanadis, and very different from the well-scaled and 

 brightly-tinted var. clara, from some of the Swiss Alps, and often sup- 

 posed to be the typical form. The specimens from Gross Glockner 

 (whence came the type) in the British Museum, are hardly any brighter 

 than the Scotch form, and the males show, so far as can be judged 

 from half-a-dozen specimens, scarcely any difference from the latter 

 form, except that they exhibit a tendency to develop a well-marked pale 

 collar, a character usually absent in var. vanadis, and almost so in var. 

 subochracea. From Gross Glockner, Grauson Valley, Andermatt, Le 

 Lautaret, Mont Cenis Pass, Little St. Bernard, Scotland (rare). Reuter, 

 who distinguishes the type from var. vanadis, simply by the greater 

 amount of white scaling in the ? and a tendency to show a pale collar in 

 the $ of the former, notes the type as occurring in Dalecarlia 

 (60° N. lat.) and southern Norway, the var. vanadis being confined to 

 the northern regions of Norway, Sweden and Finland, extending to the 

 coast of the Polar Sea. 



e. ab. flavilinea, ? , Tutt, " Ent.-Rec," v., p. 267. — a. Well-scaled, very large, 

 the nervures sprinkled with bright orange or golden scales, strongly ochreous collar, 

 thorax mottled with orange scales, b. A sub-variety closely resembling the above, 

 slightly smaller, nervures scattered with yellow (not orange) scales, the collar and 

 thoracic mottling pale yellowish. 



This is a most beautiful aberration, fairly abundant in many 

 localities. When newly emerged, its wings are covered with the 

 finest yellow or golden scales, and look as if they have just tumbled 

 out of a bag of gold-dust. Grauson Valley, Lauzon Valley, Andermatt, 

 Le Lautaret, etc. 



f. ab. striata, Tutt, " Ent. Rec," viii., p. 276 ; " Proc. Ent. Soc. Lond.," 

 1896, p. xli. — The red spots of the fore-wings more or less confluent and united 

 (2 + 4, 3 + 5), so as to form longitudinal streaks. Andermatt, Le Lautaret, etc. 



??. ab. pulchra, n. ab. — Alar expanse, 35 mm. Legs yellowish. Thorax covered 

 with ochreous scales ; ochreous collar. Abdomen green-black. Anterior wings 

 with bright orange-yellow costal edge, yellow subcostal nervure, dividing into two 

 yellow branches at end of cell (one going towards apex, the other to outer margin 

 above anal angle), and yellow median nervure. These divide the upper and central 

 area of the wing into three sections, in which long red blotches are situated, as in 

 A. purpuralis. The first (spot 1) extends along the costa, for three-fourths 

 the length of the wing, the space between the costa and the subcostal nervure, 

 being quite filled up with red for this length. The second (2 + 4) extends 

 parallel to the inner margin of the wing, entirely filling the space between the sub- 

 costal and median nervures, leaving only a narrow band of the green ground colour 

 along the inner margin. The third (3 + 5) extends to within 2 mm. of the outer 

 margin. The red, therefore, practically fills the whole of the upper and central 

 area of the wing, leaving only a narrow band of greenish on the outer and inner 

 margins. Fringes greyish, with a dark inner line. Posterior wings entirely red, 

 with dark marginal line, and greyish fringes. The underside of all the wings 

 entirely red, except the outer margin of fore-wings. 



The ab. pulchra here described is a female specimen of what would 

 have been an individual of the ab. flavilinea (the collar, nervures, etc., 

 being of a bright orange tint), had not a remarkable development of 

 the red spots into three blotches, made its markings resemble, in a 

 general way, those of A. purpuralis. It is of large size, 35 mm., 

 with the centre of fore-wings entirely crimson, the whole of the spots 

 thus enlarged being united except for the fine yellow lines which 

 run along the subcostal and radial nervures, and thus separate the 

 red area into three patches, somewhat similar to those characteristic of 

 A. purpuralis. Le Lautaret (one specimen only). 



6. ab. flava, OberthiVr, " Variation Lepidop.," p. 43, pi. viii., fig. 141.— The 

 normally red spots of the fore-wings, and the red portion of the hind- wings, yellow 



