516 BRITISH LEPIDOPTEEA. 



70 (1892); Tutt, "Proc. Sth. Lond. Ent. Soe.," pp. 111-113 (1895): " Ent. 

 Bee," ix., pp. 69, 87-88, 103, 166, 170-171 (1897) ; South, " Entom.," xxiv., p. 

 233, in part (1891), nee Boden, " Entom.," xviii., p. 317 (1885). Transalpine, 

 Hb., "Eur. Schmett.," figs. 15 <? , 19 ? (1803), Ochs., "Die Schmett.," p. 60 

 (1808); Bdv., " Mon. Zyg.," p. 83, pi. iv., fig. 3 (1829); "Icones," ii., p. 

 67, pi. liv., fig. 10 (1834) ; Dup., " Hist. Nat.," supp. ii., pi. vi., fig. 1 (1835) ; 

 Speyer, " Geog. Verb. Schmett.," i., p. 462 (1858). Filipendulae-major, Esp., 

 " Schmett. Eur.," pi. xli., fig. 4, p. 19 (1789). — Zygaena atra, alis anticis nigro- 

 cyaneis, maculis sex connatis rubris subtus confluentibus ; posticis rubris margine 

 sinuato cyaneo. Usually as large as A. jilipendulae, sometimes considerably 

 larger. The fore-wings broader, more rounded, but not so much so as in A. medi- 

 caginis {i.e., Ochs. nee Bdv.) Head, thorax and abdomen greenish-black, the 

 antennse with fine brownish tips, the legs yellowish beneath. The fore-wings 

 blackish-blue with a greenish lustre, concolorous fringes, the spots nearly equal 

 in size, those of each pair so close together that they almost touch, the basal spots 

 shorter than those of A. jilipendulae ; on the underside a red shade unites them, 

 and makes them appear confluent. The hind-wings broader than those of A. 

 Mipendulae and less convex, the marginal border broader, and encroaching on 

 the ground colour ; in the ? narrower. Italy and southern France (Ochsenheimer). 

 We have here given Ochsenheimer's description, because Zeller 

 distinctly refers the name ochsenlieimeri to this description, although 

 the striking character of a small 6th spot mentioned by the latter is 

 not noticed by Ochsenheimer. After stating that several species had 

 been distributed under the name of transalpina, e.g., Hiibner's figs. 

 15-16, Esper's pi. xli., fig. 4 (the description on p. 19 suggests a 

 different species from the figure), and Ochsenheimer's insect (Die 

 Schmett., p. 60), Zeller names the latter ochsenheimer i, and states that 

 his own examples agree so accurately with Ochsenheimer's description, 

 tbat he unhesitatingly refers them there, and, as the name transalpina 

 is not available, he re-names it ochsenlieimeri. Zeller distinguishes 

 ochsenlieimeri from medicaginis, Ochs. (to which he refers charon, Bdv., 

 Mon. des Zyg., p. 65, pi. iv., fig. 4) by the following characters : 

 (1) The deeper red which resembles that of A. Jilipendulae. (2) The 

 less sharp definition of the larger (? outer) spots. (3) The less finely 

 pointed tip of the thicker antennae. He considers that ochsenlieimeri 

 cannot be A. jilipendulae, to which, otherwise, he was inclined to refer 

 it, because its wings are in general much shorter, the marginal border 

 of the hind-wings (especially of the $ ) broader, and the red area on 

 the underside of the fore-wings more limited and more densely scaled. 

 He further notes it as variable in size, but rather larger than A. Jili- 

 pendulae, the antennae with a thicker club, more coarse base, and a 

 shorter tip, the outer joint of which is sometimes reddish. The 

 ground colour of the male is usually very bright steel-blue, rarely with 

 a stronger tendency to green, whilst in the female the opposite is the 

 case. The spots of the fore-wings and the hind-wings are of the same 

 colour as those of A. jilipendulae, and the spots have also the same 

 form, but the 6th spot is small, and the nervure that passes through 

 it is more often of the ground colour than red, like the spot. The 

 marginal border of the hind-wings in the male broader than in A. Jili- 

 pendulae, in the female it is narrower, and on several of the nervures 

 runs finely inwards. On the underside of the fore-wings a red shade, 

 variable in width and intensity, runs from the base to the outer pair of 

 spots, the spots, however, being distinguishable. Zeller caught a male at 

 Syracuse, on the heights of Epipolae, on April 26th, and the first ? in a 

 valley north-west of Epipola? ; other examples, worn, were taken at 

 Syracuse, on May 10th, in a grassy hollow on scabious flowers, and 



