ANTHROCERA FiL,IPENDUL,£. 517 



odd specimens throughout May. One worn female was found paired 

 with a male A. erythrus. On a flowery hill at Tolentino, on September 

 6th, he caught four very small males in moderately good condition, and 

 on September 11th, at Ancona, near the sea, several very worn males, 

 and one very fine female. These differ from the Sicilian examples 

 only by their small size ( $ = 1", ? = 1" If" , against $ — 1" 4'" , ? 

 1" 6£'" ) and more pointed fore-wings. In two males the 6th spot is 

 exceptionally small, and the blue very bright. These specimens, 

 Zeller says, are " obviously a second generation of ochsenheimeri," and 

 show that this insect varies in shape, etc. ; he suspects that it is in- 

 fluenced by the soil and more northern climate, but thinks that the 

 Italian examples are nearer typical A. filipendulae than the Sicilian, 

 and adds that " so little is known of the latter species that one is un- 

 able to say that it does not go through transitions that lead up com- 

 pletely to the ochsenheimeri of the last-named locality." Esper's 

 figure of filipendulae-major was drawn from examples received by 

 Gerning from southern France. The two sexes, he says, " only differ 

 in the prevalence of blue or green, and the larger size of the female. 

 There appears to be no difference in the tint and position of the six red 

 spots, but the hind- wings have a broader margin than in A. filipen- 

 dulae." Esper was inclined to consider it distinct, owing to its 

 constantly larger size, and the wider marginal border of the hind- 

 wings. Palumbo and Tedaldi accept [Nat. Sic, vii., pp. 154-155 

 (1888)] ochsenheimeri as a form of A. filipendidae, and describe it as 

 " larger and redder than the type, met with by Bellier, Mann, Zeller 

 and Kalchberg, in addition to the localities already mentioned, at 

 Taormina, Favorita and Syracuse." Bellier notices that " in this 

 variety the spots are placed as in A. filipendulae, but somewhat 

 nearer to the costa, and constantly smaller." Mann notes that " the 

 larva3 of ochsenheimeri (filipendidae var.) from Sicily, are not rare on 

 Onobrychis at the end of April. The cocoon is long and white, with 

 silky gloss. The moth appears in mid-June, the colour of the fore- 

 wings steel-blue, densely scaled, the hind-wings deep red with a broad 

 blue-black border and fringes, whilst A. filipendulae is steel-green, 

 the hind- wings carmine-red with narrow black border." Staudinger 

 diagnoses it as : " var. major, saturatius rubra," and gives its distri- 

 bution as " Italy, southern France, southern Alpine valleys, Greece, 

 ? Pontus." Frey notes it as " about as large as the type, sometimes 

 larger, corresponding with the type in habits and the spots on the 

 fore-wing, although the black marginal border of the hind-wing is 

 broader ; recorded from Bechburg (Stehlin), south side of Simplon, 

 Crevola, etc. (Christ)." Later he remarks {Mitt. Sch. Ent. Ges., vii., 

 p. 17), that " the antenna of the male are decidedly longer and per- 

 haps more slender" (Zeller says they are "coarser"); he further 

 considers ochsenheimeri to be not exclusively the southern form, 

 as he has "received typical examples of A. filipendulae from Sicily." 

 Hormuzaki notes the variety as occurring on the mountains of 

 Bucovina. Christ remarks that hybrid mingling of ochsenheimeri and 

 A. lonicerae may occur, but he does not believe the five-spotted ochsen- 

 heimeri to be hybrids. Evidently this is another instance of the mixing 

 of ochsenheimeri and medicaginis, Bdv. {vide p. 470). Zapater records it in 

 August from Teruel. Boisduval, who distinguished it from A. fili- 

 pendidae by the broader marginal border to the hind-wings and by its 



