MAMMALIA. PRIMATES. Man. "47 



DESCRIPTION OF MAN. 



The body, which ftldom reaches fix feet in height, is erect, and aliment naked, ha- 

 ving only fome fcattered diftant hairs, except in fome fmall fpots of the body, to be af- 

 terwards noticed, and when fir if. born is entirely naked. The head is fhaped like an egg; 

 the fcalp being long, and covered with hair ; the forehead broad ; the top of the head 

 flat; and the hind head protuberant. The face is naked, having the brow, or foreh. 

 flattened and quadrangular ; the temples are compreffed, with peaked angles pointing 

 upwards and backwards towards the hairy fcalp. The eye brows are prominent, and 

 covered with hairs which, fhedding outwards, cover each other like tiles; and, between 

 the inner extremities of the two eye brows, there is a fmooth, (hallow furrow, or de- 

 preflion, in a line with the noie. The upper eye lid is moveable, but the lower one 

 hardly moves, and both are planred, at their edges, with a row of ftiff recurved hairs, 

 named eye-lajhes. The eye- balls are round, having no fufpending mufcle as in thofe of 

 moft quadrupeds ; the pupil, or opening of the fight, is circular ; and the eye has no 

 membrana niclitans *. The upper parts of the cheeks are prominent, foltifh, and co- 

 loured with a red blulh ; their outer parts flattened ; the lower parts are hollowed, lax, 

 and expanfile. The nofe is prominent and compreffed at the fides ; its extremity or 

 point is higher than the reft, and blunt ; the noftrils are oval, open downwards, with 

 thickened edges, and are hairy on their infides. The upper lip is almoft perpendicu- 

 lar, and is furrowed ort the middle, from the divifion between the noftrils to the edge 

 of the lip ; the under lip is erect, thicker and more prominent than that above ; both 

 have a fmooth red protuberance, furrounding the mouth, at their edges. The chin is 

 prominent^ blunt, and gibbous. In males, the face, all round the mouth, is covered 

 with hair, called the beard, which firft appears, a, out puberty, in patches on the chin. 

 The teeth in both jaws may be diftinguifhed into three orders ; the fore teeth are ereft, 

 parallel, and wedge like, of the kind named incifors, or cutting teeth ; they Hand clofe to 

 each other, and are more equal and rounder than in other animals; the tujks.. called, in 

 man, eye teeth and corner teeth, of which there is only one on each fide of the fore teeth 

 in each jaw, are a little longer than the fore teeth, but much lefs fo than in other ani- 

 mals and they are placed clofe to the other teeth ; the grinders, of which there are five 

 on each fide in both jaws, are blunt, and divided on their upper furface into pointed 

 eminences ; but thefe are not fo remarkable as in other animals. The ears are placed 

 on the fides of the head, are of an oblong rounded figure, with a femilunar bend on 



their 



* This membrane is a half tranfparent fcreen, ferving the purpofe of eye-lids in fome degree ; fjme- 

 times along with eye lids, and fometimes without them. It will be afterwards defcribed. — t. 



