9d MAMMALIA. PRIMATES. Bat. 



mouths, extending almoft from ear to ear : Their motion in flying is a kind of defultory fluttering ; 

 during which they quicken, relax, or direct their flight, in a very bungling and imperfect manner ; 

 catching, however, as they pafs, flies, gnats, and particularly moths, which laft are their principal 

 food : Their pectoral mufcles are much ftronger, and more flefhy, than in other animals of this clafs, 

 being fimilar to thofe of birds, for the purpofe of flying ; and they crawl aukwardly on the ground, 

 from which they rife to flight with great difficulty: The penis is loofe and pendulous, which is pecu- 

 liar to mankind, monkeys, and this genus. In cold countries they remain in a torpid ftate during 

 winter ; being gathered together in dark holes and caverns, or vaults, where they either flick clofe to 

 the walls, retire into holes, or fufpend themfelves by the hind legs, fome of them wrapping up their 

 bodies in their membranous wings. As the fpecies of this genus are numerous, and more efpecially 

 as the teeth in the various fpecies are confiderably different in their numbers and arrangement, Dr 

 Gmelin has, with great propriety, fubdivided the Linnxan genus into fubgenera, the diftinctions of 

 which are founded on the number of fore-teeth in the two jaws. — T. 



A. Having four fore-teeth in each jaw. 



I . Va m pi re . — i . Vefpertil'io Vampyrus. i . 



Has no tail : The nofe is fimple, like the muzzle of common quadrupeds; and the 

 membrane is divided, between the hind legs, quite to the rump. 

 Ternate bat. Perm, liift. of quad. 393. 



This fpecies, of which there are feveral varieties defcribed below, inhabits the weft of Africa, the 

 fouth of Alia, and the iflands in the Indian Ocean and South Seas. — The fore-teeth are rather blunt; 

 it has only one tuflc on each fide in the upper jaw, which is furrowed by the action of the lower 

 teeth ; there are two tufks on each fide in the lower jaw, having a fmall obtufe kind of incifive teeth 

 placed between them; and there are feveral bluntifh grinders on each fide in both jaws. The nof- 

 trils are fcarcely divided. The body is about the fize of a fqulrrel, and varies from five to nine 

 inches in length. The firft toe of the fore paws is feparate from the membrane, and is furniihed 

 with a claw, but the fecond is enveloped in the membrane. The hind legs have feveral toes, and 

 the heels fend off" a taper cartilaginous procefs which is united to the membrane. The eyes have each 

 a memhrana nictitans, placed at the inner corner. The uterus is fimple. • 



106 a. Rouffet.— -i. a. Vefp. Varnplrus niger. 



Is moftly of a black colour. Schreber, i. 153. tab. xliv. 



Black Pteropus, or wing-footed animal, having fliort, and fomewhat fliarp, ears. BrifT. quad. 

 153.— Vefpeitilio ingens. Cluf. exot. 94. Bont. Jav. 68. t. 69 — Flying-dog, Chien volant, from 

 Ternate. Daubentbn, Act. Parif. 1759, p. 384. Seb. Muf. i. 91. t. 57. f. 1. 2.— Rouffette, or Ter- 

 nate bat. Sm. Buff. v. 281. pi. cxxxiv. Penn. hifl. of quad. p. 548. 



This fpecies, or variety, is of a dark reddifh-brown colour ; is nine inches long from muzzle to 

 rump ; and the wings are three feet, from tip to tip, when extended ; it feeds on bananas, peaches, 

 and other fruhs ; is not gregarious, yet is found in great numbers on the fame tree, by accidentally 

 ~K-eting of ft < 1 : Often fiies by day, which is different from the cuilom of other bats, and 



fometimes 



