1 84 "MAMMALIA. TERM, Bear. 



The animals of this genus have five toes on each foot, which are all contiguous to each other ; the 

 fole of the foot is long, and extends to the heel, giving a very firm tread ; they are all capable of 

 climbing; and fome ufe their fore feet in the manner of hands. 



i. Common Bear.— ^-1. Urfus Arclos. 1. 



Of a blacktfh brown colour, with a very fhort tail. Erxleb. mam. 156. 



Urfus niger, or Black Bear, with the tail of the fame colour. Briff. quad. 1 84. Gefn. quad. 14, 

 Aldrov. dig. 117. Jonft. quad. 123. t. 5$. Raj. quad. 171. Klein, quad. 82. — Black Bear. Penn, 

 hift. of quad. n. 1 74 — Bear. Sm. Buff. v. 1 . pi. c Baer. JRddinger, wilde thicre. t. 32, 



Of this animal the following varieties are mentioned. 



364 a. Black Bear. — Z7. ArcJos niger. 



Of a fmall fize, and entirely black. Schreber, iii. 502. t, cxl. Ar&. zool. n. 19 . 



365 £. Brown Bear. — U. Arclos fufcus^ 



Of a brown or rufty colour. Schreber, Hi. 502. t. exxxix. 

 Brown Bear of the Alps. Sm. Buff. v. 2. Ardh zool. n. 20. 



366 y. Grey Bear.— U. Arclos grifeus. 



Of a black colour, interfperfed with white hairs. Ar£t. zool. n. 20. & 



367 cT. Variegated Bear. — U, Arclos variegalus. 

 The boc^y is variegated with different colours. 



36$ i. White Bear. — U. Arclos a/bus. 



The body is of a white colour* 



White Land-Bear. Sm. Buff. v. 1. pi. ci. ArcT:. zool. n. 20. y. 



Inhabits the north of Europe and Afia, and in Arabia, the Alps, Japan, and Ceylon. The Grey 

 and Variegated varieties are found in Iceland; the Black and Brown kinds inhabit the marfliy woods 

 in the north of Europe and Afia ; and the Brown Bear is likewife found in the Alps, the Pyrenees, 

 Caucaffus, the Carpathian mountains, in Poland, Greece, Paleftine, Egypt, Barbary, Ceylon, India, 

 Japan, China, and Perfia. — The Black Bear lives entirely on roots, berries, 'and other vegetable fub- 

 ftances; befides thefe, the Brown devours various kinds of infects, efpecially ants and bees, with their 

 combs, and feeds on the dead carcaffes of flieep, goats, cattle, deer, and horfes, which they even at- 

 tack and deftroy. In general they blow up the carcaffes of fuch animals as they kill, and hide the re- 

 mainder of what they cannot devour in the marfhes ; they commonly wafh their food ; and, when 



confined 



