320 MAMMALIA. PECORA. Goat. 



quad. 79. n. 4. Grew, muf. 24. — Capra cervicapra. Syft. nat. ed. ii. 50. vi. 14. n. 7. x. 69. n. 8. 

 xii. 96. n. 8 — Capra bezoartica. Aldrov. bif. 256. Olear. muf. 13. r. 9. f. 7. — Tragus ftrepfice- 

 ros. Klein, quad. 18. — Hircus gazella. BrhT. quad. 68. n. 8. — Gazella. Jonft. quad. t. 29* Aft. 



Parif. i. 84. Valent. amph. zoot. 105. t. 19. Scheuchz. bibl. facr. iv. t. 576 Strepficeros, et Ad- 



dax. Plin. hift. nat. xi. 37. — Lidmee arabum. Shaw, trav. 243. Br. muf. Afhm. muf. Lev. muf. 



Inhabits Barbary and India.— This fpecies is fomewhat fmaller than a Fallow Deer, and is of a. 

 brown colour, clouded with reddifli and dufky ; the belly, breaft, and infide of the thighs are white; 

 the circumference of the orbits is white ; the horns are ereft, about fixteen inches long, of a black 

 colour^ and almoft entirely covered with prominent rings, the points only being fmooth, and are above 

 twelve inches diftant. The female has no horns, and, after going nine months with young, brings 

 generally twins. Mr Pennant makes a diftinftion between the Lidmee of Barbary and that found in 

 India, though the only difference feems to confift in the greater fize of. the former, the latter being 

 rather fmaller than a Roe ; he likewife mentions horns frequently fent from India, which have been 

 ufed as daggers, which feem to belong to this fpecies, but recall their rings polifhed off.. 



XXXVIII. G O A T.— 37. C APR A. 30. 



Has rough, compreffed, hollow, and . perfiftent horns; which 

 are ere&ed from the top of the head, and bend backwards. 

 Has no tufks; eight cutting teeth in the lower "jaw, and ; 

 none in the upper. The chin is furnifhed with a beard. 



The animals of this genus are fond of dry elevated fituations, on rocky hills, and feed much on a— 

 romatic vegetables j they differ from Sheep chiefly in the erefted fituation of their horns, in being 

 covered with hair inftead of wool, and in a rank difagreeable odour, efpecially the males, which, from 

 them, has acquired the name of hircine, even when exhaled from other animals, and even from fome 

 vegetables. In their natural ftate they are exceedingly fhy and timid, but are eafily tamed, and be- 

 come very familiar : The males fight much in rutting time, and differ in this from Sheep or Rams, 

 as the latter run full tilt at each other with their heads held down, whereas the Goat rifes almoft e- 

 reft on his hind legs, and turns his head on one fide to ftrike his antagonift with his horns. Some 

 naturalifts fuppofe the firft of the following fpecies to have been the original flock of all our Goats ; 

 but that opinion feems chiefly founded on theory. I have not however taken any liberties with the 

 arrangement given by Dr Gmelin, as the defcriptions are fo diftinft that no difficulty of difcriminat- 

 ing the feveral kinds, whether they be ultimately confidered as fpecies or variety, can poffibly occur 

 to the reader. There were no animals of this genus originally in America ; but they are now very 

 plentiful in many parts, and of various breeds. 



706 I. Wild Goat. — I. Capra Aegagrus. 1. 



Has large, fmooth, black horns, which are fharply ridged on their upper, and hollowed 



on their under furfaces, and much arched backwards ; the chin is furniihed with a 



beard. Pallas, fp. zool. xi. 45. t. 5. f. 2. 3. S. G. Griiel. it. iii. 493. 



Cervicapra 3 



