324 MAMMALIA. PECORA. " Goat. 



cellent leaper; the She-goat goes five months with young, and brings generally one, fometimes two, 

 and very rarely three or four, at a birth ; the male has a ftrong rank odour ; they are very deftrue- 

 tive to the bark of trees ; their hide is very tough, and makes excellent leather for feveral purpofes ; 

 their hair, though vaftly coarfer than die wool of fheep, is ufeful ; and their milk, and the cheefe 

 .made from it, are much efteemed. 



715 to. Ibex. — 8; Copra Ibex. 2. 



Has large horns, knobbed on their upper furfaces, and reclined backwards ', the throat 

 Is bearded. BrifT. reg. an. 64. n. 3. Erxleb, mam. 261. n. 2. 



Capra alpina, with yery long, almoft triangular, horns, which are knobbed on their upper fur- 

 faces, and much bent backwards. Girtanner, in the Lichtenberg magazine, iv. 2. p. 30. — Ibex 

 alpium fibiricarum. Pall. fp. zobl. xi.^i. t. 3. and 5. f. 4. — Ibex. Plin. hift. nat. viii. c. 53. Gem. 

 quad. 331. 1099. Aldrov. bif. 730. f. p. 732. Jonft. quad. 75. t. 25. 28. Charlet. exerc. 10. 

 Wagn. helvet. 176. Raj. quad. 77. Klein, quad. 16. — Hircus ferus. Belon, obf. 20. — Bouc fau- 

 vage. Gafton de foix. 99. — Capricorne. Munfter, cofmogr. 381. — Bouquetin, Bouc eftain, Bouc- 

 ftein, Rock goat, or Wild goat. Sm. Buff. vi. 363. pi. clxxxvii. Zimmerman. 1 14. — Stein bock. 

 , Geih. thierb. 148. Knorr, delic. ii. t. k. 5. f. 2. Kram. auftr. 321. Ridinger, klein. thier. n. 71. — 

 Jbex. Penn. hift. of quad. n. 13. Br. muf. Afhrn.-myf. .Lev. muf. 



Inhabits the Kamtfchatkan, Siberian, Arabian, Cretan, Italian, Apennine, German, Swifs, and Ti- 

 rol Alps, chiefly in the moft precipitous and inacceffible places. — This animal is exceedingly active, 

 . very fwift, and leaps with aftonifhing agility and dexterity in the moft dangerous rocky places of the 

 mountains ; it is larger than the Wild Goat, having a fhort, thick, and ftrong body, with ftrong yet 

 handfome legs, and very fhort hoofs : the head is fhort, with a thick compreffed muzzle ; the horns 

 of the male are very large, of a" blacki'fh grey or afh colour, fometimes three feet long, and weighing 

 from eight to ten pounds ; they are rounded on the under furface, much knobbed on the upper fur- 

 face, furnifhed with projecting longitudinal ridges, and eonfiderably more arched than thofe of the 

 'Wild Goat ; -the horns of the female have fewer knobs, are fmaller than thofe of the male; and re- 

 femble the" horns of the Common She-goat ; the male is furnifhed with a dufky beard-; the general 

 colour of the hair, which is long, is a deep brown, mixed with fome hoary, with a blackifh lift along 

 the back ; the belly is of a tawny white colour ; the knees are White, with a large black fpot above, 

 and another below each ; the tail is fhert, black en its upper furface and at the point, and naked 

 underneath : In young animals the fur is of a dirty grey colour; and the females are a good deal 

 fmaller- than the males. The Ibex- lives much among the fnows and glaciers of the higheft moun- 

 tains, is exceedingly wild and difficultly fhot, the chace being very hazardous on account of the nature 

 of their retreats, and being very ftrong, they "frequently tumble the huntfman over the precipices. 

 In the fevereft weather of winter they fometimes defcend a little way in queft of food. During the 

 rutting feafon the males bray very loud ; the females retire to the fide of fome fmall ftream to bring 

 forth, and have one, or at moft two, at a birth. The Ibex is named Tau-tokke, or Mountain Goat, 

 by the Tartars; the flefh is much efteemed, and the-fkin is very thin. Dr Gmelin is uncertain whe- 

 ther the Ibex found in Siberia be the fame, or a diftinctfpecies. 



yifi 11. Caucafan Goat. — 9. Capra caucafica. 3. 



The horns are fiightly triangular, and knobbed on their anterior furface, and are arch- 

 ed 



