MAMMALIA. PECORA. Sheep. 325 



ed backwards, confiderably divaricating, with their extremities turned inwards. 

 Guldenftedt, aft. Petrop. 1779, ii. 273. t. xvi. xvii. 



Inhabits the bare, fchiftic, rocky, fummits of mount Caucafus, near the origin of the Terek and 

 ■Cuban rivers, and in the diftricts named Cacketia and Offetino. — The horns of the male are of a dir- 

 ty blackifh colour, and much longer than thofe of the Common Goat ; thofe of the females are of a 

 brownifh afh.colour, and much fmaller : The upper parts of the body are of a bright browniih grey 

 colour, with a narrow dark brown lift along the back, the under parts are whitifh, and the limbs are 

 black ; the hair is harfh, fomewhat ftiff, afh coloured at the roots, and is intermixed with an afh co- 

 loured wool. This animal is about the fize of the Common Goat, with which, however, it will not 

 fcreed, and is rather ftiorter and broader in its general form. 



XXXIX. S H E E P.— 38. VIS. 31. 



■ 



:Has hollow, wrinkled, perflflent horns, which are turned back- 

 wards and outwards into a circular or fpiral form generally 

 ,at the fides of the head. The lower jaw has eight cutting 

 teeth; the upper jaw none; and no tufks in either. 



This is perhaps the moft ufeful of all quadrupeds to mankind, in a civilized ftate, as it fupplies ex- 

 cellent food and warm clothing, and its wool, in fome countries, is an aftonifhing fource of induftry 

 •end wealth. Sheep are naturally harmlefs and timid, and are greatly lefs active, either in running 

 or leaping, than Goats ; they prefer dry open plains, and graffy or heathy hills, but avoid rocky pla- 

 ces, and do not agree with forefts or wet foils ; they fight by butting againft each other with their 

 horns, and threaten by ftamping on the ground with their feet ; they drink little, are fubjedl: to a 

 difeafe named the rot, to worms in the liver, and to vertigo : The female goes about five months 

 with young, and brings commonly one, often two when in good pafture, and fometimes, though rare- 

 ly, three young ones at a birth. The male is named Ram or Tup, when caftrated Wedder, the fe- 

 male Ewe, the young ones Xamb ; and many other names are employed by the fhepherds for diftin- 

 guifhing particular ages, as Hogs, Dinmonds, Gimmers, &c. which vary in different diftritts, 



i. Common Sheep. — 1. Ovis Aries. 1. 



Has the horns twirled outwards into a compreffed fpiral or fcrew. Faun. Suec. 45. Amoen. 

 ac. iv. 1 69. 



Aries laniger. BrifT. regn. an. 74. n. 1. — Ovis domeftica. Sloan, jam. ii. 328. Raj. quad. 73. 



Common Sheep. Penn. hift. of quad. n. 11. A. — n^c^ara. Arift. hift. an. v. 11. vi. c. 19. viii. 

 c. 13. ix. c. 4. Aelian. an. vii. c. 27. — Pecus, Aries, Ovis, Vervex, Agnus. Plin. hift. nat. viii. 

 c. 47. 48. Gefn. quad. 872. 912. 925. 927. Aldrov. bifulc. 370. Jonft. quad. 54. t. 22. Charlet. 



exerc. 8. Sibbald, Scot. an. 8. Rzaczinflc. polon. 242. Swenkf. ther. 56. 60 Schaaf, Wedder, 



"Hammel, Lamb. Gefn. thierb. 320. 321. 327. 329. Zimmerman. 112. 



Sheep are cultivated all over the world, for the fake of their flefb, milk, and cheefe, as food, and 

 for their wool, of which a warm clothing is manufactured ; it is perhaps the moft ftupid, weakeft, 



and 



