4 o6 BIRDS. 



The orifices of the auditory canal are deftitute of external ears ; in Owls they are 

 covered with valves of ikin, and over thefe is a kind of external ear compofed of long 

 feathers. 



A kind of beard, of hair or briftles, is found in fome birds ; in fome it refembles 

 moveable whifkers, and is fituated on the lower mandible, as in the Motmot, Momota, 

 and Penduline Titmous, Pants pendulinus ; in others it confifts of briftles, vibrijfae y 

 which fringe the margin of the mandibles at the bafe, as in the Goat-fucker, CaprimuU 

 gits; while in the Common Turkey, Meleagris gallopavo, it is fituated on the breaft. 

 The bafe of the bill is clothed with a reverfed Head-ftall or trontlet, Capiftrum, the. 

 hairs of which ftand backwards in Crows, Pies, and Owls. 



The Creft, crifta, is- a raifed tuft of feathers which ornaments the Cap, pileus; and it 

 is either fituated on the Front, frontalis, on the Crown, veriicalis, or on the Hind-head,. 

 occipitalis; in direction, it is Erect, erecla, Reflected, rejlexa, or Shed, defiexa; in form, 

 it is either Flattened laterally, compreffa, or in bundles, fafcicu/ata ; and in its ftruclure, 

 it is either Scattered, fparfa, or Folding, plicatilh* being compofed of feathers alternate* 

 ly lying different ways. 



Naked Warts, canmculae, of a foft flefhy confiftence, form ornaments, or appenda- 

 ges, to the head and neck, in feveral birds j. thefe are either on the Front, Crown, Nape, 

 Eyebrows, Throat, or Neck. 



The Neck is long, fomewhat erect, and round ; immediately below the head, on the 

 hind part, it is called the Nape, nucha; the reft of its hind part is named the Scrag, 

 Cervix ; immediately below the jaws, on the fore part, it is named the Chin, gula, and. 

 the reft of the fore part is called the Throat, jugulum. 



The Trunk of the body is (haped like an egg, having the thickeft end foremoft ; its 

 upper part, from the neck to the rump, is the Back, dorfum, of which that part which 

 lies between the wings may be named the Saddle, interfcapulium ; the Shoulders, hume- 

 ri, are the firft part of the wings which project, forwards ; the lower part of the body 

 forwards is the Breaft, peilus, having the Collar-bones, claviculae, joined together in d 

 forked form ; the Arm-pits, axillae, are the fides of the breaft directly below the fhou!- 

 ders of the wings ; the Flanks, hypochondria, are the pofterior fides of the breaft, and 

 the fides of the beliy ; the Belly, abdomen., is the foft under part of the body from the 

 end of the Breaft-bone,y?£'/7zr('w, to the Vent, anus ; the Ventlet, crijfum, is the under 

 fide of the Rump, uropygium, from the Vent to the Tail. 



The 



